文本的制度性:论元稹制诰改革  

The Institutional Nature of Texts:On the Reform of Yuan Zhen’s Imperial Proclamation Writing

作　　者：钟志辉 Zhong Zhihui(the School of Chinese Language and Literature,Wuhan University)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学文学院,430072

出　　处：《文艺理论研究》2022年第5期158-170,共13页Theoretical Studies in Literature and Art

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国历代书院文学活动编年史”[项目编号:21&ZD253]阶段性成果。

摘　　要：元稹的制诰改革,内容优先于形式,其内容可分为训导职业与指言美恶两部分。前者是训示官职的责任、意义以及指导如何履行职责,后者是直接叙述受官者的功过得失,两者属于制诰的制度属性。对制诰进行改革,元稹首先寻求的是权力的支持,而其改革也受制于制度运行的过程,由此导致其制诰展现出浅近的文风与语体改革的不彻底性。经过元稹的努力,制诰形成了新的不成文制度,为后来者所仿效。元稹对唐前期制诰持批判态度,但并非绝对排斥,而是吸收了符合其理念的某些成分,因此其制诰与唐前期存在共通性。他的制诰措辞、风格以《尚书》为典范,但对其模仿也并非亦步亦趋。元稹意在改革制诰的程式化措辞,在文本中贯彻其追求事实的文学思想,以此实现制诰褒贬美恶的制度功能。与古文运动及新乐府等试图自下而上地以文学影响政教的方式不同,元稹制诰改革是自上而下的,代表着文学改革的新变。In Yuan Zhen’s reform of imperial proclamation writing, content is given priority over form. The content covered two parts of the instructions to officials on the responsibilities and obligations and the descriptions of merits and demerits of officials,both belonging to the institutional attributes of imperial proclamation. When Yuan Zhen sought the support of imperial power for his reform, his reform was then subjected to the operation of the institutional power. As a result, his reform of linguistic style in the proclamation drafting was doomed to be incomplete. However, his efforts to introduce a less archaic style into the imperial writing gradually took on and was emulated. Yuan Zhen was critical to the imperial proclamation in the early Tang dynasty, but did not flatly reject it. Instead, he absorbed some elements that conformed to his idea. His imperial proclamation writing was modeled after the ancient Book of Documents, but he did not reproduce it. Yuan Zhen’s intention was to reform the stereotyped diction of imperial proclamation and to implement his literary idea of fact-seeking in order to realize the institutional function of imperial proclamation to promote and discredit. Different from other reforms that attempted to influence politics through literature,Yuan Zhen’ reform of imperial proclamation writing was a top-down endeavor, which represented a new change in literary reform.

关 键 词：元稹 制诰 中唐文学 文学改革 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学] K242[历史地理—历史学]