基于蜻蜓翅脉结构的连续碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料仿生设计与增材制造  

Bionic design and additive manufacturing of continuous carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites with dragonfly wing venation structure

作　　者：杨立宁 郑东昊 王立新[1] 杨光[1] YANG Lining;ZHENG Donghao;WANG Lixin;YANG Guang(College of Mechanical Engineering,Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学机械工程学院,河北石家庄050018

出　　处：《化工进展》2022年第11期5961-5967,共7页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划(21351002D);河北科技大学校立无人机研发专项(2019WRJ11)。

摘　　要：以具有轻质高强优异性能的蜻蜓翅脉结构为设计灵感,在分析翅脉网格结构抗冲击原理的基础上,设计了传统和仿生两类对比结构。采用熔融挤出3D打印机成功制备了具有不同结构的连续碳纤维增强聚乳酸复合材料试样,并对不同结构复合材料试样的拉伸性能和抗冲击性能进行了测试和对比分析。研究分析结果表明:由于拉伸力方向上的连续碳纤维含量相对较少,限制了仿生结构复合材料抗拉强度的提高,但仿生结构的平均抗拉强度为传统结构的1.18倍;当仿生结构复合材料试样受到冲击力时,其内部六边形结构的连接角度会发生变化,从而极大消耗冲击能量,同时具有六边形网格结构的连续碳纤维可以有效阻碍裂纹的扩展,因此仿生结构的平均冲击韧性可以达到传统结构的2.46倍;仿生蜻蜓翅脉结构可以显著提高增材制造复合材料的综合力学性能,且对于抗冲击性能的提高具体突出效果。连续碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料的有效可行的仿生蜻蜓翅脉结构设计和增材制造,可极大扩展其在高冲击载荷领域中的相应应用。The dragonfly wing structure with excellent lightweight and high strength performance was taken as the design inspiration. On the basis of analyzing the impact resistance principle of the wing vein grid structure, the traditional and bionic structures were designed. Continuous carbon fiber reinforced polylactic acid(PLA) composites with different structures were successfully prepared by melt extrusion3D printer, and the tensile and impact properties of the composites with different structures were tested and analyzed. The results showed that the improvement of the tensile strength of the biomimetic composite was limited by the relatively small content of continuous carbon fiber in the direction of tensile force, but the average tensile strength of the biomimetic composite was 1.18 times that of the traditional structure.When the biomimetic structure composite sample was subjected to impact force, the connection angle of hexagons inside it would change, which would greatly consume impact energy. Meanwhile, the continuous carbon fiber with hexagonal grid structure can effectively hinder the crack propagation, and thus the average impact toughness of biomimetic structure can reach 2.46 times that of traditional structure.Biomimetic dragonfly wing structure can significantly enhance the comprehensive mechanical properties of additive manufacturing composites, and improve the impact resistance of concrete outstanding effect.The effective and feasible structure design and additive manufacturing of continuous carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites can greatly expand their corresponding applications in the field of high impact loads.

关 键 词：增材制造 连续碳纤维增强 树脂基复合材料 仿生蜻蜓翅脉结构 力学性能 

分 类 号：TH164[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]