气候变暖对稳定分层型供水水库水温影响研究  

Study on influence of climate warming on water temperature of water supply reservoir with steady stratification of water temperature

作　　者：程海燕 脱友才[1] 许维忠 杨颜菁 尹国武 李传运 CHENG Haiyan;TUO Youcai;XU Weizhong;YANG Yanjing;YIN Guowu;LI Chuanyun(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China;Chongqing LiyutangReservoir Development Company,Chongqing 404100,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学水力学与山区河流开发保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610065 [2]重庆市鲤鱼塘水库开发有限公司,重庆404100

出　　处：《人民长江》2022年第10期22-30,共9页Yangtze River

摘　　要：气候变暖将引起水库的热状态演变过程改变,并进一步对水库水环境、水生态产生影响。为了解当前气候变暖背景下稳定分层型供水水库的热状态演变趋势及演变范围,以重庆市鲤鱼塘水库为研究对象,构建了宽度平均的立面二维水库水温模型,模拟了4种未来气温变化情景下鲤鱼塘水库水温变化过程,并研究了气候变暖对水库热状态的改变及其对水质的可能影响。结果表明:水库库表水温、库底水温、下泄水温对气温变化均有所响应,其升温趋势显著性和升温速率均随温室气体排放浓度的增加而增加;且随着温室气体排放浓度的增加,水库水温分层开始时间显著提前,而分层结束时间显著延迟,同时水库热稳定性呈显著增强趋势,从而使得水库水体的垂向混合能力减弱。气候变暖引起水库水温的整体升高和分层时间的延长,可能增加水库藻类的暴发风险和控制难度,在水库管理中应予以重视。Climate warming will change the evolution of thermal regime of reservoirs, and further affect the water environment and aquatic ecological process.In view of obtaining the evolution trend and range of the thermal regime of the water supply reservoirs with steady stratification of water temperature under the background of current climate warming, in this paper, taking the Chongqing Liyutang Reservoir as a research object, a 2D reservoir water temperature model with average width was constructed to simulate the water temperature change process of Liyutang Reservoir under four future air temperature change scenarios, and to study the influence of climate warming on reservoir thermal regime and water quality.The results showed that the temperature of surface water, bottom water and discharged water all responded to the change of air temperature, and the significance of the warming trend and the rate of warming increased with the increasing of greenhouse gas emission concentration.With the increasing of greenhouse gas emission concentration, the starting time of reservoir water temperature stratification had been advanced, and the ending time of stratification had been significantly delayed, while the reservoir thermal stability was significantly enhanced, which made the water body’s vertical mixing capacity weakened.Climate warming caused the overall increase of water temperature and the extension of stratification time of the reservoir, which would increase the risk of algae outbreaks and the difficulty of controlling the algae in the reservoir, which should be paid more attention in the reservoir management.

关 键 词：供水水库 水温结构 水质变化 气候变暖 水体垂向混合 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]