新疆百里风区强风中尺度特征分析  

Mesoscale Characteristics of Strong Wind in Xinjiang 100-kilometer Gale Area

作　　者：汤浩 周雅蔓[1] 杨杰尧 潘新民 TANG Hao;ZHOU Yaman;YANG Jieyao;PAN Xinmin(Xinjiang Meteorological Observatory,Urumqi 830002,China;Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China;Hami Meteorological Bureau,Hami 839000,China;Xinjiang Meteorological Service Center,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆气象台,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [3]哈密市气象局,新疆哈密839000 [4]新疆气象服务中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2022年第4期1-8,共8页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(IDM201301);国家自然科学基金(42165002);中国铁路乌鲁木齐局集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(WLMQ-YSZD-WLCL-DCK2020-0008)。

摘　　要：大尺度环流背景和天山山脉大地形共同作用形成新疆百里风区,其风力居全疆九大风区之首。为进一步研究百里风区强风中尺度特征及其与局地地形的关系,选取2018年5月6—8日百里风区强风天气过程,使用WRF模式进行中尺度模拟分析,得出以下结论:天山两侧气压梯度力驱动下冷空气翻越天山,经色皮山口狭管效应和过山波水跃下沉接力加速,在背风坡上空形成强风区,强风区接地形成百里风区地面大风;大风过程中,七角井盆地地形强迫引发有限振幅重力波,背风坡上空大风区之上的临界层吸收上层能量并向下传递,增大了大风区的风速,使低空大风区的接地更加充分。低空大气稳定层结的强度与大风强度相对应。The large-scale atmospheric circulation situation and the topography of the Tianshan Mountains form the 100-kilometer gale area in Xinjiang together,whose wind strength ranks the first among the nine gale areas in Xinjiang.In order to further study the mesoscale characteristics of strong wind in the 100-kilometer gale area and its relationship with the local terrain,an extreme gale event in the 100-kilometer gale area on 6-8 May 2018 was selected to conduct mesoscale simulation and analysis by using WRF model.The results show that:under the pressure gradient between north-south sides of Tianshan Mountains,the cold air goes over the Tianshan and accelerates by the narrow tube effect of the pass and the hydraulic jump of over mountain wave.The strong wind zone is formed over the leeward slope,and the strong wind area touching the ground forms the ground wind in the 100-kilometer gale area.During the process,the topographic forcing in Qijiaojing Basin causes the finite amplitude gravity wave,and the critical layer of the gale area above the leeward slope absorbs the upper energy and transfers it downward,which increases the wind speed in the gale area.The stable stratification of the low atmosphere intensifies the downward transmission of the wave energy,which makes the low-level gale zone more close to the ground.

关 键 词：百里风区 过山波 狭管效应 水跃下沉 稳定层结 

分 类 号：P458.1[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]