江西两次雷击事件雷达回波特征分析  

Radar Echo Characteristics of Two Lightning Strikes in Jiangxi

作　　者：黄中根 马中元[2] 谌芸 陈鲍发 段和平 HUANG Zhonggen;MA Zhongyuan;Chen Yun;CHEN Baofa;DUAN Heping(Jiujiang Meteorological Bureau,Jiujiang 332000,China;Jiangxi Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Nanchang 330046,China;National Meteorological Center,Beijing 100081,China;Jingdezhen Meteorological Bureau,Jingdezhen 333000,China;Meteorological Disaster Prevention Technology Center of Jiangxi Province,Nanchang 330046,China)

机构地区：[1]九江市气象局,江西九江332000 [2]江西省气象科学研究所,江西南昌330046 [3]国家气象中心,北京100081 [4]景德镇市气象局,江西景德镇333000 [5]江西省气象灾害防御技术中心,江西南昌330046

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2022年第4期79-87,共9页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41975001);中国气象局气象关键技术集成与应用项目(CMAGJ2013M74);中国气象科学研究院开放课题(2012LASWB01);南京雷达气象与强天气开放基金(BJG201205);江西省气象局重点科研项目(JX2020Z17);江西省气象局2020年面上项目(JX2020M05)。

摘　　要：为做好江西雷电监测预警和雷电防御工作,使用天气图、地面气象要素、雷电数据、江西WebGIS雷达拼图、单部雷达PUP产品等资料,采用多种分析方法,对2021年3月江西两次雷击事件进行分析,结果表明:(1)两次雷击事件是由超级单体和强单体回波系统影响产生。(2)在雷达拼图上,超级单体回波有4个特征:(1)≥60 d BZ组合反射率CR回波强度,并有≥65 dBZ回波核;(2)60 dBZ强回波面积≥10 km×10 km;(3)30~60 dBZ强回波梯度≤8 km;(4)在强回波移动方向的下风方有云砧形成的“前伸”回波结构。(3)在单站PUP产品上,超级单体有中气旋配合,组合反射率CR强度达到65 dBZ,回波顶高ET达到11~12 km,垂直积分液态水含量VIL达到60 kg/m~2;垂直反射率因子RCS上55 d BZ强回波顶高达到8 km,65 dBZ强中心在6 km高度;垂直径向速度VCS在强回波区存在速度对,-5~19 m·s速度达到弱切变的强度。(4)强单体回波组合反射率CR强度达到60 dBZ,回波顶高ET达到9~10 km,垂直积分液态水含量VIL达到50~60 kg/m2;垂直反射率因子RCS上55 d BZ强回波顶高达到8 km,60 dBZ强回波高度伸展到6 km,没有65 d BZ强回波中心;垂直径向速度VCS表现为正速度区,分成上下两层。Based on weather map,ground meteorological elements,lightning mesurements,WebGIS radar puzzle,single radar PUP products and other observations,various analysis methods are utilized to analyze two lightning events in Jiangxi in March 2021.It shows that:(1)The two lightning strikes are caused by the influence of super monomer and strong monomer echo system.(2)Four characteristics of the super monomer echo have been reflected on the radar puzzle,which have a combined reflectivity CR echo intensity larger than 60 dBZ,echo core larger than 65 dBZ,60 dBZ strong echo area larger than 10 km×10 km,and 30~60 dBZ strong echo gradient smaller than 8 km,Meanwhile,there is a“forward extension”echo structure formed by cloud anvil in the downwind of the strong echo moving direction.(3)The super monomer has mesocyclone coordination,the combined reflectivity CR intensity reaches 65 dBZ,the echo top height reaches 11~12 km,and the vertical cumulative liquid water content VIL reaches 60 kg/m2;Vertical reflectivity factor,the top of 55 dBZ strong echo on RCS is up to 8 km,and the center of 65 dBZ strong echo is suspended at 6 km;The vertical radial velocity VCS has a velocity pair in the strong echo region,and the velocity of-5~19 m·s-1 reaches the intensity of weak shear.(4)The combined reflectivity CR intensity of strong monomer echo reaches 60 dBZ,the echo top height ET reaches 9~10 km,and the vertical cumulative liquid water content VIL reaches 50~60 kg/m2;On the vertical reflectivity factor RCS,the top of 55 dBZ strong echo is up to 8 km,the height of 60 dBZ strong echo is extended to 6 km,and there is no 65 dBZ strong echo center;The vertical radial velocity VCS shows positive velocity and is divided into upper and lower layers.

关 键 词：雷击事件 超级单体 强单体回波 回波特征 

分 类 号：P412.25[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]