甘肃省天水地区暴雨时空分布及天气学分型  

Spatial and Temporal Distribution and Synoptic Types of Heavy Rain in Tianshui Area,Gansu Province

作　　者：王小龙[1] 邓卓雅 李映春[1] 强玉柱 李娟 王秀花[1] 杨春芽 WANG Xiaolong;DENG Zhuoya;LI Yingchun;QIANG Yuzhu;LI Juan;WANG Xiuhua;YANG Chunya(Tianshui Meteorological Bureau,Tianshui 741000,China;Zhangjiachuan Meteorological Bureau,Zhangjiachuan 741500,China)

机构地区：[1]天水市气象局,甘肃天水741000 [2]张家川县气象局,甘肃张家川741500

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2022年第4期119-124,共6页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：甘肃省气象局重点项目(GSMAMs2018-06);甘肃省气象局面上项目(Ms2019-05)。

摘　　要：利用1965-2019年常规观测资料及2008-2019年区域站加密资料,分析天水地区暴雨时空分布特征,同时选取30个具有代表性的暴雨样本进行天气学分型及高低空物理量特征分析,确立了预报指标。结果表明:(1)近55 a来天水地区暴雨年均发生2.75站次,整体呈增多趋势,增加幅度为0.2站次·(10 a),其中20世纪60年代后期及80-90年代呈减少趋势,20世纪70年代及21世纪以来呈增多趋势。(2)天水地区暴雨4月中旬-10月下旬都有出现,但集中在夏季7-8月,7月频次最高,月分布呈单峰型特征,旬分布呈三峰型特征,与副高位置密切相关。(3)天水地区暴雨空间分布自西向东依次增多,并存在多个分布中心。(4)天水地区暴雨环流形势分为低槽(涡)东移型和副高西北侧西南气流型两种,其高低空物理量配置各有不同。Based on conventional observation data from 1965 to 2019 and encrypted data from regional stations from 2008 to 2019,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of heavy rain in Tianshui were analyzed.Meanwhile,30 representative samples of heavy rain were selected for synoptic classification and the analysis of high-and-low altitude physical quantity characteristics.Relevant forecast indicators were determined.The results revealed that:(1)In the past 55 years,the annual average occurrence of heavy rain in Tianshui was 2.75 times,showing an overall rising trend and an increase of 0.2 times per decade,while it showed a declining trend in the late 1960s and 1980s-1990s,and showed an increasing trend in the 1970s and the 21st century.(2)Heavy rain occurred in Tianshui from mid-April to late-October,but occurred intensively in summer from July to August,most frequently in July.The monthly distribution showed a single-peaked characteristic,and the ten-day distribution showed three-peaked characteristic,which was closely related to the position of subtropical high.(3)The spatial distribution of rainstorm increased from west to east in Tianshui area,and there were many distribution centers.(4)There were two types of circulation patterns of heavy rain in Tianshui,namely,eastward shifting low trough(vortex)and southwest airflow on the northwest side of the subtropical high.There existed differences in their respective high-and-low-altitude physical quantity.

关 键 词：暴雨 时空分布 天气学分型 配料法 

分 类 号：P467[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]