尾矿库溃坝过程模拟及防护措施对比  

Simulation of Dam Break Process of Tailings Pond and Comparison of Protective Measures

作　　者：吴义军 沈振中 张文兵[1,2] WU Yijun;SHEN Zhen-zhong;ZHANG Wen-bing(State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China;College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水电能源科学》2022年第11期90-93,89,共5页Water Resources and Power

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52179130,U1765205);江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(水利工程)(YS11001)。

摘　　要：尾矿库在带来巨大经济效益的同时,通常也面临溃坝风险,使得下游人民生命财产及生态环境面临严重安全隐患。在模拟尾矿库溃坝过程的基础上提出合理的防护措施可最大程度降低溃坝带来的不利影响。以河南省某尾矿库为例建立真实三维地形,利用MIKE21水动力模型模拟该尾矿库溃坝过程,通过对比下泄尾沙的淹没范围及特征时间点,分析增设不同导墙后下游各敏感点的最大淹没高度及尾沙最远影响距离。结果表明,增设圆弧型导墙可改变溃坝沙流的流动方向,并有效减小向河道上游推进的流量。研究成果可为尾矿库增设防护措施、编制应急预案提供参考依据。While bringing huge economic benefits, the tailings pond has the risk of dam break, which endangers the life and property security of people living downstream, and damages the ecological environment. Reasonable protective measures on the basis of simulating the process of tailings dam break can minimize the adverse effects caused by the dam break. The three-dimensional terrain model of a tailings pond in Henan Province was established. The dam break process was simulated by use of MIKE21 hydrodynamic model. By comparing submergence range and characteristic time point of tailings discharged downwards, the maximum submergence height and the farthest influence distance of tailings at each sensitive point downstream after adding different guide walls were analyzed. The results show that the flow direction of dam-break sand flow can be changed by arc-shaped guide wall and the flow advancing upstream of the river can be effectively reduced. The research results can provide reference basis for adding protective measures and preparing emergency plan of the tailings pond.

关 键 词：尾矿库溃坝 MIKE21 FM 防护措施 淹没范围 

分 类 号：TV649[水利工程—水利水电工程] TD926[矿业工程—选矿]