我国农业保险大灾风险分散机制的思考  

Thoughts on Improving the Risk Dispersion Mechanism of Agricultural Insurance in China

作　　者：冯文丽[1] 苏晓鹏[2] FENG Wen-li;SU Xiao-peng

机构地区：[1]河北经贸大学京津冀协同发展河北省协同创新中心 [2]河北经贸大学财税学院

出　　处：《农村金融研究》2022年第8期40-47,共8页Rural Finance Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“我国农业保险制度优化与发展研究”(编号:18BJY254)的研究成果。

摘　　要：农业风险具有系统性特征,大灾风险是农业保险与生俱来的风险。农业保险大灾风险分散机制,即解决农业保险人赔不起、保证农业保险可持续经营的机制,是农业保险制度建设需要解决的重要问题。文章对我国建立农业保险大灾风险分散机制的原因、现状和存在问题进行分析,认为目前我国农业保险大灾风险分散机制建设缺乏系统性顶层设计、公司层面大灾风险准备金制度存在不足、地方政府层面的分担机制复杂多样不完善、中央政府层面的分担机制如何建立尚无明确思路,在此基础上提出构建财政支持的农业保险大灾风险分散机制、完善公司层面的大灾风险准备金制度、完善再保险体系和分保机制及建立财政支持的国家大灾风险基金等对策建议。The agricultural risk has the systematic characteristics and catastrophe risk is the inherent risk of agricultural insurance.Agricultural insurance catastrophe risk dispersion mechanism,that is how to solve the problem that the agricultural insurer can not afford to pay and ensure the sustainable operation of agricultural insurance,is an important problem to be solved in the construction of agricultural insurance system.This paper analyzes the necessity,current situation and existing problems of establishing the agricultural insurance catastrophe risk dispersion mechanism in China.It believes that at present the construction of the agricultural insurance catastrophe risk dispersion mechanism in China lacks systematic top-level design,the company-level catastrophe risk reserve system is insufficient,the sharing mechanism at the local government level is complex and diverse,and there is no clear idea of how to establish the sharing mechanism at the central government level.On this basis,it proposes countermeasures and suggestions such as building a financially supported agricultural insurance catastrophe risk diversification mechanism,improving the company-level catastrophe risk reserve system,improving the reinsurance system and reinsurance mechanism,and establishing a national catastrophe risk fund with financial support.

关 键 词：农业保险 大灾风险 大灾风险准备金 国家大灾风险基金 

分 类 号：F842.66[经济管理—保险] F323