基于二阶共鸣器单元的宽频消声器研究与设计  

Research and design of broadband muffler based on second-order Helmholtz resonators

作　　者：施全权 杨玉真 赵准 安秉文 田朋溢 蒋成成 邓科 贾晗[2] 杨军[2] Shi Quan-Quan;Yang Yu-Zhen;Zhao Zhun;An Bing-Wen;Tian Peng-Yi;Jiang Cheng-Cheng;Deng Ke;Jia Han;Yang Jun(Department of Physics,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,China;Key Laboratory of Noise and Vibration Research,Institute of Acoustics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Locomotive&Car Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学物理系,吉首416000 [2]中国科学院声学研究所噪声与振动实验室,北京100190 [3]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司机车车辆研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《物理学报》2022年第23期308-316,共9页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研发开发计划(批准号:P2021J035)资助的课题.

摘　　要：近年来,声学人工结构逐渐成为降噪领域的研究热点,亥姆霍兹共鸣器是其中的重要结构单元之一.本研究旨在设计基于内插管式二阶亥姆霍兹共鸣器单元的宽频消声器.传统亥姆霍兹共鸣器仅具有单一共振峰,为了减少单元个数、降低消声器长度,选取了具有两个共振峰的二阶亥姆霍兹共鸣器单元作为基本结构.通过理论计算、仿真计算和实验测试对二阶共鸣器单元的隔声性能进行分析,并在此基础上构建了宽频抗性消声器.针对所设计的宽频消声器,理论计算、仿真计算和实验测试的数据结果获得了良好的一致性:在267—929 Hz的频率范围内实现了20 dB以上的传递损失.该消声器结构简单、实用性高,在噪声控制工程中具有广泛的应用前景.Noise is always a serious factor affecting people's quality of life.The most common sound-absorbing materials are porous materials,which work based on the principle that sound waves entering into the pores inside the material are subjected to air friction and viscous resistance,thus converting sound energy into heat.Porous materials have excellent performance of absorbing medium-frequency and high-frequency sound,but they are required to be thick enough to control the low-frequency sound waves with large wavelengths,which limits the application of porous materials in low-frequency noise control.In recent years,acoustic artificial structures have become a research hotspot,which can realize exotic effective acoustic parameters based on periodical structure or local resonance.Acoustic artificial structure provides a new material basis for noise control,in which Helmholtz resonator plays an important role because of its simple geometry.In this study,a broadband muffler is designed based on the second-order neck embedded Helmholtz resonator.In order to achieve low-frequency and broadband sound insulation with a limited number of units and structure length,the second-order resonator is chosen as a basic structure unit,which has a stronger low-frequency noise reduction capability and has one high-frequency transmission loss peak more than a conventional Helmholtz resonator.The acoustic characteristics and insulation performance of second-order resonators are analyzed through theoretical calculation,simulation calculation and experimental test.Then,based on the theoretical model and empirical rules,a broadband muffler composed of nine second-order resonators is designed by carefully adjusting the geometry parameters of each resonator.The three-dimensional printed resonators are installed on the side wall of a square standing wave tube for experimental measurement.In the experiment,the transmission loss curve of the muffler is measured by the two-load method.The result shows that the designed muffler has good sound insula

关 键 词：二阶亥姆霍兹共鸣器 抗性消声器 宽频隔声 

分 类 号：TB535.2[理学—物理]