创建科学城过程中如何防止“筑波病”?——日本筑波科学城发展的历史经验、教训及启示  

How to prevent “Tsukuba disease” in science city construction? ——Lessons from the development of Tsukuba science city in Japan

作　　者：葛诺 白旭 陈政霖 徐爽 闫亭豫 吴金希 GE Nuo;BAI Xu;CHEN Zhenglin;XU Shuang;YAN Tingyu;WU Jinxi(School of Social Sciences,THU,Beijing 100084,China;Tokyo Institute of Technology,Tokyo1528550,Japan;Beijing Academyof Social Sciences,Beijing100029,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学社会科学学院,北京100084 [2]东京工业大学,日本东京1528550 [3]北京市社会科学院,北京100029

出　　处：《中国软科学》2022年第9期74-84,共11页China Soft Science

基　　金：国家社科重大项目“新形势下我国科技创新治理体系现代化研究”(20&ZD075);国家自然科学基金青年项目“人工智能产业GIN演化研究:格局、路径、机理”(72004107);清华大学中国现代国有企业研究院项目“全球科创中心比较研究与国企国际化”(19iSOEBJ002)。

摘　　要：日本筑波科学城始建于20世纪60年代,是政府主导建设的科学城的典型。虽一度备受关注,甚至受到后发国家追捧,但其后续发展远未达预期,人们对其评价褒贬不一。梳理筑波科学城的发展历史,分析筑波科学城的发展现状,综合评价“筑波模式”的成果和不足。然后,采用国际比较分析“筑波模式”的弊端、经验教训,并为未来的科学城建设提出了政策建议。研究认为:新建科学城的规划应吸取筑波教训,尤其要注重创新生态体系的建设;应以制度保证大型科研设施利用效率最大化,处理好它与周边核心城市之间的关系;科学城的建设应坚持以人为本的理念,把完善城市功能和公共服务能力提到战略高度,增强科学城的吸引力。Built in the 1960 s, Tsukuba science city is a typical government-led science city in Japan. Although it once attracted huge attention, its development has been underwhelming and does not meet the expectation. This article analyzes the history of Tsukuba science city and evaluates its current situation. Subsequently, experiences and lessons are summarized from an international perspective, and policy recommendations are proposed for the future construction of science cities. Concretely, first, we suggest that the planning of new science cities should learn from Tsukuba and emphasize building innovative ecosystems. Second, large-scale scientific research facilities should carefully deal with the relationship with surrounding core cities and maximize facilities efficiency through policymaking. Third, people-oriented culture should be advocated so as to promote urban functions, public service capabilities, and general attractiveness.

关 键 词：科学城 筑波病 科创中心 区域创新体系 创新生态体系 

分 类 号：C3[社会学]