真菌群落多样性及组成结构对不同耕作模式的响应机制  

Response Mechanism of Fungal Community Diversity and Composition Structure to Different Tillage Systems

作　　者：宋秀丽 盘雨薇 孙士明[2] 王俊河[3] 靳晓燕[2] 庞爱国[2] 于晓波[2] 金新月 郝天乐 宋翔雨 杨德光[4] SONG Xiu-li;PAN Yu-wei;SUN Shi-ming;WANG Jun-he;JIN Xiao-yan;PANG Ai-guo;YU Xiao-bo;JIN Xin-yue;HAO Tian-le;SONG Xiang-yu;YANG De-guang(Lingnan Normal University,Zhanjiang 524048;Heilongjiang Agricultural Machinery Engineering Research Institute,Harbin 150081;Qiqihar Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161000;Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]岭南师范学院,广东湛江524048 [2]黑龙江省农业机械工程科学研究院,哈尔滨150081 [3]黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161000 [4]东北农业大学,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《玉米科学》2022年第5期134-142,共9页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD070030103);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金区域联合基金青年基金(2019A1515110888);岭南师范学院人才专项(ZL2044)。

摘　　要：为揭示东北黑土玉米田土壤真菌群落对旋耕、深松、深翻和秸秆还田方式的响应机制,在长期定位种植区采集旋耕(RT)、深松(SU)、深松秸秆覆盖(SS)和深翻秸秆还田(DP)土壤样品,研究土壤真菌群落结构及其与土壤环境因子的相关关系。结果表明,子囊菌门和担子菌门为土壤中优势菌门,SU、SS处理下子囊菌门粪壳菌纲(Sordariomycetes)的相对丰度最高,DP处理下担子菌门银耳纲(Tremellomycetes)的相对丰度最高。土壤中腐生菌群、与玉米共生的内生菌和外生菌根菌在SS中相对较高。4个处理真菌群落多样性指数依次为SS>RT>SU>DP。多元分析结果表明,土壤纤维素酶活性、速效钾、有机质、速效磷、土壤碱解氮与土壤真菌群落结构显著相关。在黑龙江西部玉米种植地区以深松秸秆覆盖的耕作模式有利于提高土壤真菌群落多样性。In order to reveal the response mechanism of soil fungal community to rotary tillage,subsoiling,deep ploughing and straw returning in black soil maize field of Northeast China,soil samples of rotary tillage(RT),subsoiling(SU),subsoiling straw mulching(SS)and deep ploughing straw returning(DP)were collected in long-term fixed planting area,study soil fungal community structure and its correlation with soil environmental factors.The results showed Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant phyla in soil.The relative abundance of sordariomycetes was the highest in SU and SS treatments,and Tremella mycetes was the highest in DP treatments.Saprophytic bacteria,endophytic bacteria and ectomycorrhizal bacteria were relatively high in SS.The diversity index of fungal community in four treatments was SS>RT>SU>DP.The results of multivariate analysis showed that soil cellulase activity,available potassium,organic matter,available phosphorus,and alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen were significantly correlated with soil fungal community structure.Subsoiling straw mulching is beneficial to improve the diversity of soil fungal community in the corn planting area of western Heilongjiang province.

关 键 词：玉米 真菌 群落结构 多样性 高通量测序 

分 类 号：S435.131[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]