茭白叶黑斑病的病原鉴定和防治药剂筛选  

Pathogen identification and control fungicides screening of leaf black spot of Zizania latifolia

作　　者：彭辉 杨梦飞 葛鑫涛 汤近天 叶子弘[1] 李怡鹏 张尚法 贾芬花 张雅芬[1] PENG Hui;YANG Mengfei;GE Xintao;TANG Jintian;YE Zihong;LI Yipeng;ZHANG Shangfa;JIA Fenhua;ZHANG Yafen(China Jiliang University,Hangzhou 310018,China;Linping Agriculture Bureau,Hangzhou 311100;Provincial Key Laboratory of Characteristic Aquatic Vegetable Breeding and Cultivation,Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Zhejiang Institute of Agricultural Machinery),Jinhua 321000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量大学,杭州310018 [2]临平区农业农村局,杭州311100 [3]浙江省特色水生蔬菜育种与栽培重点实验室,金华321000

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2022年第5期857-862,共6页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：中国计量大学基本科研业务费项目(2021YW21);2021年杭州市科技发展计划项目(20211231Y150)。

摘　　要：0引言菰(Zizania latifolia)是禾本科菰属多年生浅水草本植物,因菰黑粉菌(Ustilago esculenta)入侵后形成了膨大肉质茎—茭白,成为我国仅次于莲藕的第二大水生蔬菜[1-2]。随着茭白种植面积的扩大,病害日趋严重及多样化,严重影响茭白的质量和产量,制约茭白产业的发展。已经报道的茭白叶部主要真菌病害有胡麻叶斑病、锈病、瘟病、纹枯病、鞘腐病等[3-5]。In recent years,in addition to brown spot disease,leaf black spot has occurred frequently and seriously affected the yield and quality in the production areas of Zizania latifolia in China.In order to identify the pathogen,diseased samples were collected from Lu'an,Suzhou,Tongxiang,Yuhang,Yuyao,Jinhua,Shengzhou.Finally,90 fungal strains were obtained by tissue isolation method,in which 25 strains causing black spot disease of Z.latifolia was identified as Nigrospora oryzae by morphological observation,multiple sequence alignment analysis and pathogenicity test.Toxicity test of 12 fungicides commonly used in fields was carried out in laboratory conditions.The results showed that the effect of 250 g·L^(-1)prochloraz EC was best,with the EC_(50) of 0.002 mg·L^(-1);followed by 30%Pyraclostrobin SC and 60%Difenoconazole WG,with the EC_(50) of 0.056 and 0.057 mg·L^(-1),respectively.Combined with the inhibitory effect of the 12 fungicides on Ustilago esculenta,250 g·L^(-1)prochloraz EC was the best choice as a control agent.This study provided scientific basis for the identification and control of leaf black spot of Z.latifolia.

关 键 词：水生蔬菜 病原鉴定 肉质茎 茭白 防治药剂筛选 真菌病害 纹枯病 胡麻叶斑病 

分 类 号：S435.79[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]