马克思恩格斯对施蒂纳“八个历史的反思”的批判  

Marx and Engels'criticism of Stirner's“eight reflections on history”

作　　者：李文睿 周书俊 Li Wenrui;Zhou Shujun

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学马克思主义学院,上海200234 [2]上海交通大学马克思主义学院,上海200240

出　　处：《东岳论丛》2022年第11期128-133,192,共7页DongYue Tribune

基　　金：国家社科基金重点课题“马克思主义中国化两个结合’研究”(项目编号:22AZD004)阶段成果。

摘　　要：施蒂纳为了论证历史理性发展,抛出了所谓的“八个历史的反思”,试图通过运用黑格尔绝对精神来阐明历史活动的规律性,以此构建自己的极端个人主义和无政府主义的“唯一者即是所有者”历史范式。针对施蒂纳唯心主义的历史观,马克思和恩格斯给予了坚决的批判和回击,指出施蒂纳对历史的见解无非就是自我意识的臆造,这种“唯一者”不过是黑格尔绝对精神在施蒂纳那里完成了诸精神实体的存在而已——把精神作为基础,然后指出历史是精神本身活动的过程。施蒂纳不仅没有超越黑格尔,而且把黑格尔的绝对精神神圣化并且庸俗化了。In order to demonstrate the rational development of history,Stirner Proposed the so-called“eight reflections on history”,trying to clarify the regularity of historical activities by applying Hegel's absolute spirit,so as to build his own historical paradigm of extreme individualism and anarchism that“the only person is the owner”.Marx and Engels firmly criticized and fought back against Steiner's idealistic view of history.They pointed out that Steiner's view of history was nothing more than the fabrication of self-consciousness,and this“only one”was just that Hegel's absolute spirit had completed the existence of various spiritual entities in Steiner-taking spirit as the basis,and then pointed out that history was the process of spiritual activities.Steiner not only did not surpass Hegel,but also sanctified and vulgarized Hegel's absolute spirit.

关 键 词：历史反思 精神 实体 批判 

分 类 号：B03[哲学宗教—哲学理论]