城市轨道交通沿线地电监测仪器干扰分析与抑制处理  

Interference Analysis and Suppression Processing of Geoelectric Field Monitoring Instruments along Urban Rail Transit

作　　者：范晓易 王巍 曲均浩[3] 李伟[1] 陈飞[1] FAN Xiaoyi;WANG Wei;QU Junhao;LI Wei;CHEN Fei(Nanjing Earthquake Monitoring Center Station,Earthquake Administration of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing Jiangsu 210014,China;Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Shandong Seismic Station,Shandong Earthquake Agency,Jinan Shandong 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省地震局南京地震监测中心站,江苏南京210014 [2]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所,北京100081 [3]山东省地震局山东地震台,山东济南250014

出　　处：《中国铁道科学》2022年第6期186-193,共8页China Railway Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划-政府间国际合作重点专项(2018YFE0109700);江苏省地震局青年科学基金课题(202108);山东省自然科学基金重点项目(ZR2020KF003)。

摘　　要：地电监测数据对城市轨道交通入地电流尤为敏感,现有研究主要基于数字信号理论进行干扰抑制,但缺乏参数选取讨论和多类型观测数据检验。以南京地铁沿线地电监测数据为例,基于小波变换分别设计不同的小波分解方式和小波基函数的参数对比试验,并基于得到的最优参数组合,对设计试验进行常见地电场信号数据的实际检验;对每组试验,均从滤波对比图和评价指标体系2个方面进行干扰抑制结果评价。结果表明:地电监测数据每日5:00—24:00时段的噪声干扰幅度明显加强,与地铁营运时间一致;研究所选测道的噪声幅度在地铁营运时段集中在-4~4 mV范围内,在地铁非营运时段则集中在-2~2 mV范围内;干扰抑制效果最佳的滤波参数为DWT/WPT1层分解+滤除第1层高频信息+db/sym6阶左右小波基,经实际数据检验后db小波表现略优;采用小波分析方法经最优参数处理后,地铁运行干扰及停运后车辆检修、试车仍存在的漏电干扰均得到了明显抑制;地电暴、地电脉动、高压直流输电等地电仪器常见的电场信号数据经处理后,能够在有效抑制轨道交通噪声的基础上保留其原有的电场特征。Geoelectric monitoring data is particularly sensitive to the grounding current of urban rail transit.Existing research is mainly based on digital signaling theory for interference suppression,but lacks of discussion on parameter selection and data verification of multi-type observation.This paper,taking the geoelectric monitoring data along the Nanjing Subway as an example,based on the wavelet transform theory,designs the parameter comparison tests of different wavelet decomposition methods and different wavelet basis functions respectively.Moreover,based on the obtained optimal parameter combination,the actual tests of geoelectric field signal data in common sites are carried out for designed experiments.For each group of experiments,the interference suppression results are evaluated from both filtering comparison chart and evaluation index system.The results show that the noise interference amplitudes of geoelectric monitoring data are obviously enhanced from 5:00 to 24:00 on a daily basis,which are consistent with the subway operation time.The noise amplitudes of the selected test lanes are concentrated within the range of-4-4 mV during the subway operation period and-2-2 mV during the non-operation period.The filtering parameters with the best interference suppression effect are DWT/WPT 1-layer decomposition+filtering the first layer of high-frequency information+db/sym wavelet base around the 6th layer.The db wavelet performs better through practical data tests.After using the optimal parameters of wavelet analysis method,the subway operation interference and the leakage interference still existing in vehicle maintenance and test after shutdown are significantly suppressed.After processing,the common electric field signal data of geoelectric instruments such as geoelectric storm,geoelectric pulsation and high voltage direct current transmission can retain their original electric field characteristics on the basis of effective suppression of rail transit noise.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 地电场观测 小波理论 干扰抑制 参数分析 

分 类 号：P319.3[天文地球—固体地球物理学]