基于集聚度的2019年我国医疗卫生资源配置评价分析  

Analysis on the evaluation of medical and health resources allocation in China——Based on Agglomeration Degree

作　　者：李静 徐秀梅[2] 朱瑶 王素珍[1] LI Jing;XU Xiu-mei;ZHU Yao;WANG Su-zhen(Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Health Development,Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine,Nanchang Jiangxi 330004,China;The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330004,China)

机构地区：[1]江西中医药大学中医药与大健康发展研究院,江西南昌330004 [2]江西中医药大学附属医院,江西南昌330004

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2022年第12期40-45,共6页Soft Science of Health

基　　金：国家科技部2020年度创新方法工作专项项目-江西省创新方法(中医药)支持疫情防控和经济社会发展(2020IM010500);江西省2020年高校人文社会科学重点研究基地项目-居民中医药健康素养现状及影响因素研究-以江西为例(JD20076)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析全国31个省(市、自治区)(以下简称省份)医疗卫生资源配置的公平性,为优化我国卫生资源配置提供建议。[方法]采用卫生资源集聚度和人口集聚度的方法,对全国31个地区医疗卫生资源配置公平性进行分析。[结果]从地理配置来看,我国东、中部地区的医疗卫生机构集聚度均大于1,西部地区的医疗卫生机构集聚度均小于1;东部、中部、西部地区的医疗床位集聚度均小于1;卫生技术人员集聚度仅北京和上海大于1。从人口配置来看,人口密集地区仅有4个省份的医疗卫生机构与人口的比值大于1,医疗床位、卫生技术人员的比值均小于1;人口均值地区仅3个省份医疗卫生机构集聚度小于1,且医疗床位和卫生技术人员的比值也小于1;人口稀少地区医疗卫生机构的比值均大于1,仅有新疆和西藏的医疗床位比值大于1。[结论]我国医疗卫生资源按地理和人口配置存在不均衡,主要是不同地区资源配置集聚度差异较大,医疗床位和卫生技术人员资源集聚的公平性较差。Objective To analyze the fairness of medical and health resources allocation in 31 regions of China, so as to provide suggestions for optimizing the allocation of health resources in China. Methods The allocation equity of medical and health resources in 31 regions of China was analyzed by the methods of health resource agglomeration degree and population agglomeration degree. Results Based on the geographical configuration, the agglomeration degree of medical and health institutions in the eastern and central regions of China was greater than 1,and the agglomeration degree of medical and health institutions in the western region was less than 1. The agglomeration degree of medical beds in eastern, central and western regions was less than 1. The e agglomeration degree of health technicians was greater than 1 only in Beijing and Shanghai. Based on population allocation, in densely populated areas, only 4 provinces had a health institution-to-population ratio greater than 1,and the ratio of medical beds and health technicians were all less than 1. In population mean area, only 3 provinces’ agglomeration degree of medical and health institutions was less than 1,and the ratio of medical beds to health technicians was also less than 1. In sparsely populated rural areas, the health institution-to-population ratio was greater than 1,and the ratio of medical beds was greater than 1 only in Xinjiang and Xizang. Conclusions There is imbalance in the allocation of medical and health resources in China according to geography and population. The main reason is that the agglomeration degree of resources allocation is different in different regions, and the fairness of the agglomeration of medical beds and health technicians is poor.

关 键 词：医疗资源 卫生资源配置 集聚度 评价 公平性 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R197[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]