2012-2020年我国全科医生资源配置公平性及空间分布特征研究  

Research on the fairness and spatial distribution characteristics of general practitioner resource allocation in China

作　　者：张丁杰 陈家应[1] 刘可慧 鲁翔[1] ZHANG Ding-jie;CHEN Jia-ying;LIU Ke-hui;LU Xiang(Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2022年第12期46-52,共7页Soft Science of Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目-基于建立分级诊疗制度目标的家庭医生队伍建设研究(71874087)。

摘　　要：[目的]了解2012-2020年我国全科医生资源配置现况及公平性,研究其空间分布特征,为优化我国全科医生资源的合理布局与配置提供参考与建议。[方法]利用卫生相关统计年鉴数据,描述2012-2020年我国全科医生资源配置的基本状况,运用泰尔指数分析我国全科医生在人口和地理两个维度上资源配置的公平性,并采用莫兰指数进一步探究全科医生资源的空间分布结构。[结果]2012-2020年,人口维度和地理维度上全科医生资源总泰尔指数分别为0.0183~0.0741和0.5771~0.6906;全科医生资源按人口布局的空间聚集性整体放缓,按地理布局的空间聚集性持续升高。[结论]我国全科医生资源存在较大缺口,按地理配置的公平性远不及按人口配置的公平性;我国全科医生资源空间分布总体呈现“东高西低”特点,资源主要聚集在长三角地区。Objective To understand the current situation and the fairness of resource allocation of general practitioners from 2012 to 2020 in China, and study its spatial distribution characteristics, so as to provide references and suggestions for optimizing the rational layout and allocation of general practitioner resources in China. Methods Used health data of relevant statistical yearbook, this paper described the basic situation of resource allocation of general practitioners in China, and analyzed the fairness of resource allocation of general practitioners in China in terms of population and geography dimension by Theil index, the spatial distribution structure of general practitioner resources was explored further by Moran’s I. Results From 2012 to 2020,the total Theil index of general practitioner resources in the population and geographical dimension was 0.0183-0.0741 and 0.5771-0.6906 respectively;The spatial clustering of general practitioner resources according to population layout slowed down as a whole, the spatial clustering of general practitioner resources according to geographical layout continued to increase. Conclusions There is a large gap in the general practitioner resources in China, and the fairness according to the geographical layout is far less than the fairness according to the population layout;The spatial distribution of general practitioner resources in China generally presents a situation of“high in the east and low in the west”,and the general practitioner resources mainly concentrate in the Yangtze River Delta area.

关 键 词：全科医生 公平性 泰尔指数 空间分布 莫兰指数 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]