温度对组合活塞螺栓可靠性的影响  

Influence of temperature on the reliability of combined piston bolts

作　　者：李猛猛 王占宜 李珂 张俊青 王国华 LI Mengmeng;WANG Zhanyi;LI Ke;ZHANG Junqing;WANG Guohua(Binzhou Bohai Piston Co.,Ltd.,Binzhou 256602,Shandong,China;Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Engine Piston Cylinder Kits,Binzhou 256602,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]滨州渤海活塞有限公司,山东滨州256602 [2]山东省发动机活塞摩擦副重点实验室,山东滨州256602

出　　处：《柴油机设计与制造》2022年第4期34-38,共5页Design and Manufacture of Diesel Engine

摘　　要：以某船用钢顶铝裙组合活塞为研究对象,基于有限元分析方法模拟计算组合活塞的温度分布,计算温差负荷并研究温度对螺栓预紧力、材料强度、头部配缸间隙及螺栓孔配合的影响。结果表明:组合活塞的温差负荷为6.98 kN;单纯考虑温差负荷,螺栓预紧力较初始增加了18.4%;温度为20~300℃时,随着温度升高,螺栓材料的抗拉强度和屈服强度近似呈线性下降;活塞温度升高导致活塞头部配缸间隙减小0.03 mm;温度变化导致螺栓与螺栓孔的配合状态处于变动之中,长期运行后造成螺栓松动。A marine combined piston with steel head and aluminum skirt was taken as the research object.The temperature distribution of the combined piston was simulated based on finite element analysis.The temperature difference load was calculated and the influence of temperature on bolt pretightening force,material strength,head cylinder clearance and bolt hole fit was studied.Results show that the temperature difference load of the combined piston is 6.98 kN and the bolt pretightening force increases by 18.4%compared with the initial load considering temperature difference load only.When the temperature is 20-300℃,tensile strength and yield strength of the bolt material decrease linearly with the in⁃crease of temperature.The increase of piston temperature leads to the clearance decrease of 0.03 mm between piston head and cylinder liner.The fit state of bolt and bolt hole changes due to temperature and the bolt,which causes the bolt to loosen after long⁃term operation.

关 键 词：组合活塞 温度 连接螺栓 预紧力 可靠性 

分 类 号：U664.121[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]