对放射性废物海洋处置国际法规范的审视与思考——以日本福岛核事故核污水处置为视角  

Review and Reflection on International Legal Norms for Marine Disposal of Radioactive Wastes——From the perspective of nuclear sewage disposal of Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan

作　　者：郭萍 喻瀚铭 Guo Ping;Yu Hanming(School of Law,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学法学院,广州510006

出　　处：《学术交流》2022年第10期81-95,191,192,共17页Academic Exchange

基　　金：南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)自主科研项目“无人船舶和海洋无人设备相关法律问题研究”(SML-2020SP005)。

摘　　要：日本政府于2021年4月13日经内阁会议正式决定将2011年福岛核事故产生的核污水排入海洋。通过对相关国际条约等国际法规范的审视,认为上述规范在应对放射性废物海洋处置时尽管均存在适用方面的限制或缺失,但其有关海洋环境保护一般义务及相关基本原则仍能对福岛核污水海洋处置行为予以规制。为更好地兼顾和平绿色使用核能与保护海洋环境间的关系,应当秉承海洋命运共同体理念,充分发挥国际法规范作用,积极应对核污水海洋处置可能带来的海洋生态环境挑战,推动全球海洋环境治理。On April 13,2021,the Japanese government formally decided to discharge the nuclear sewage generated by the Fukushima nuclear accident in 2011 into the sea through their cabinet meeting.Through the review of relevant international treaties and other international legal norms,it is believed that despite the limitations or deficiencies in the application of the above-mentioned norms in dealing with the marine disposal of radioactive waste,their general obligations related to marine environmental protection and relevant basic principles can still regulate the marine disposal of Fukushima nuclear sewage.In order to better balance the relationship between the peaceful and green use of nuclear energy and the protection of the marine environment,we should uphold the concept of a community with a shared future in the oceans,give full play to the normative role of international law,actively address the marine ecological environment challenges that may arise from the marine disposal of nuclear sewage,and promote global marine environmental governance.

关 键 词：放射性废物 海洋处置 福岛核事故 海洋命运共同体 国际法规范 

分 类 号：D99[政治法律—国际法学]