低分子量有机酸对土壤有效磷及重金属释放影响的研究进展  

Research Progress on Effects of Low Molecular Weight Organic Acids on Release of Available Phosphorus and Heavy Metals in Soil

作　　者：赵宽 万昕 邢德科[2] 胡睿鑫 周葆华 袁可升 ZHAO Kuan;WAN Xin;XING De-ke;HU Rui-xin;ZHOU Bao-hua;YUAN Ke-sheng(School of Resource and Environment,Key Laboratory of Aqueous Environment Protection and Pollution Control of Yangtze River in Anhui of Anhui Provincial Education Department,Anqing Normal University,Anqing 246133,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology,Ministry of Education/lnstitute of Agricultural Engineering,JiangsuUniversity,Jiangsu 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]安庆师范大学资源环境学院,皖江流域水环境保护与污染控制安徽省教育厅重点实验室,安徽安庆246133 [2]江苏大学农业工程学院,现代农业装备与技术教育部重点实验室,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《土壤通报》2022年第5期1228-1236,共9页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：安徽省自然科学基金项目(1908085QD149);安徽省科技重大专项项目(17030701057);安徽省高校优秀人才支持计划项目(gxyq2021193)资助。

摘　　要：农药化肥的过量施用、重金属矿产开发冶炼、污水灌溉等导致土壤磷素养分降低和重金属污染,对生态环境、粮食安全和人类健康带来一定的风险隐患。土壤低分子量有机酸是一类重要的土壤有机活性物质,在土壤质地、养分循环和重金属毒害等方面起重要作用,但低分子量有机酸对土壤磷素和重金属释放影响的研究尚没有系统归纳。本文结合国内外研究进展,综述了土壤低分子量有机酸的来源、浓度、功能及其影响因素,举例说明了低分子量有机酸种类、浓度等对土壤磷及重金属释放的影响。系统总结了低分子量有机酸对土壤磷活化及重金属释放的机制。低分子量有机酸与其他物质协同提升土壤磷素有效性和降低重金属污染,这些结果为土壤磷素有效性的提升和重金属污染土壤修复提供科学依据和技术支撑。Soil phosphorus reduction and heavy metal pollution are caused by excessive application of pesticides and fertilizers,the development and smelting of heavy metal minerals,sewage irrigation could bring a certain risk to the ecological environment,food security and human health.Low molecular weight organic acids in soils are active components of soil organic substances,which play an important role in soil texture,nutrient cycling and heavy metal poisoning.In order to understand the effects of low molecular weight organic acids on soil phosphorus and heavy metals release,the paper summarized the related concepts of low molecular weight organic acids and their sources,concentrations,functions and influencing factors in soil.The effects of types and concentrations of low molecular weight organic acids on the release of soil phosphorus and heavy metals have little known.The mechanism of low molecular weight organic acids on the release of soil phosphorus and heavy metals was discussed systematically.Some suggestions were put forward from three aspects to improve:The selection of low molecular weight organic acids and application amount,the mechanism of root-exuded organic acids on phosphorus and heavy metals release,low molecular weight organic acids cooperating with other substance will increase soil phosphorus availability and reduce heavy metal pollution,which provides a scientific basis and technical support for the improvement of soil phosphorus availability and remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil.

关 键 词：低分子量有机酸 有效磷 重金属 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] S153[农业科学—土壤学]