有氧运动对心肌梗死大鼠心肌能量代谢及线粒体呼吸功能的影响  

The effects of aerobic exercise on myocardial energy metabolism and mitochondrial respiration after myocardial infarction

作　　者：李琴凤[1] 魏钦[1] 刘晓哲[2] 黄玲 Li Qinfeng;Wei Qin;Liu Xiezhe;Huang Ling(Physical Education and Art College of Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics,Zhengzhou 450046,China;Department of Breast Surgery,The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Department of Neurology,The PLA Rocket Force Medical Center,Beijing 100088,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州航空工业管理学院体育与公共艺术部,郑州450046 [2]郑州大学第五附属医院乳腺外科,郑州450002 [3]火箭军特色医学中心神经内科,北京100088

出　　处：《中华物理医学与康复杂志》2022年第10期873-877,共5页Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的观察有氧运动对心肌梗死致慢性心力衰竭大鼠心脏能量代谢及线粒体呼吸功能的影响。方法采用随机数字表法将45只SD大鼠分为假手术组、心衰对照组及心衰运动组。采用冠状动脉结扎术将心衰对照组及心衰运动组大鼠制成心肌梗死模型,术后4周时心衰运动组大鼠给予为期8周的跑台有氧运动。于运动干预结束后采用超声心动图检测各组大鼠心功能,采用递增负荷跑台实验测定大鼠运动能力,采用磁共振波谱法测定大鼠心肌磷酸肌酸(PCr)及三磷酸腺苷(ATP)含量,采用细胞呼吸测量仪评估大鼠心肌线粒体呼吸功能。结果心衰对照组PCr含量、PCr/ATP比值、线粒体呼吸链复合体Ⅰ和Ⅱ的耗氧量、左心室缩短分数(FS)、射血分数(EF)以及递增负荷实验最高跑速、力竭距离和力竭时间等均不及假手术组水平(P<0.05);心衰运动组ATP含量、复合体Ⅰ耗氧量、左心室FS和EF、递增负荷实验最高跑速、力竭距离和力竭时间均显著优于心衰对照组水平(P<0.05),PCr/ATP比值组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论规律有氧运动能改善慢性心力衰竭大鼠心脏做功能力,表现为心功能及运动能力增强,其作用机制可能与上调心肌ATP水平及改善线粒体复合体Ⅰ功能有关;另外PCr/ATP比值可能不适合作为评估运动训练对心脏有益影响的生物标志物。Objective To explore any effect of aerobic exercise on cardiac energy metabolism and mitochondrial respiration after myocardial infarction.Methods Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham operation group,a heart failure control group and a heart failure exercise group.Myocardial infarction was induced in the heart failure groups using coronary artery ligation.Four weeks after the successful modeling,the heart failure exercise group underwent 8 weeks of aerobic treadmill exercise.The cardiac function and exercise ability of all of the rats were then observed using echocardiography and the incremental treadmill exercise test.Myocardial creatine phosphate(PCr)and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)were measured by magnetic resonance spectroscopy,and the respiratory function of the myocardial mitochondria was evaluated by using cell respirometry.Results Compared with the sham operation group,the average PCr content,PCr/ATP ratio,oxygen consumption of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I and II,left ventricular shortening fraction(FS)and ejection fraction(EF),maximum running speed,exhaustion distance and exhaustion time in the incremental treadmill exercise test were all significantly worse in the heart failure control group.Moreover,the average ATP content,complex I oxygen consumption,left ventricular FS and EF,and the maximum running speed,exhaustion distance and exhaustion time in incremental treadmill exercise of the heart failure exercise group were all superior to those of the heart failure control group.However,no significant differences were observed in the average PCr/ATP ratio between the heart failure exercise and control groups.Conclusions Regular aerobic exercise can improve cardiac performance after chronic heart failure,at least in rats.The mechanism may be related to increased levels of myocardial ATP and better mitochondrial complex I functioning.The PCr/ATP ratio may not be a suitable biomarker for evaluating the benefits of exercise for the heart.

关 键 词：有氧运动 心肌梗死 心力衰竭 能量代谢 线粒体呼吸 

分 类 号：R542.22[医药卫生—心血管疾病]