皇权政治与中国古代报纸的二重演化  

On the Double Evolution of Ancient Chinese Newspapers Under the Influence of Imperial Power Politics

作　　者：刘晓伟[1,2] Liu Xiaowei

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学新闻传播系 [2]广州市新媒体与文化创意产业研究基地

出　　处：《新闻与传播研究》2022年第10期110-125,128,共17页Journalism & Communication

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“中国古代报纸与政治信息博弈研究”(项目编号:20BXW019)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：中国古代报纸不是静态固化的,而是在皇权政治的影响下经历了一个长期动态的演化过程,皇权与绅权、地方威权的政治信息博弈构成了古代报纸演化的关键所在。汉代的木简报和新闻信札代表了古代报纸的两重原始形态。唐宋时期,古代报纸完成了一次转化重构。进奏院状由地方威权控制向皇权控制的“回归”,说明古代报纸的“变态”必然随着皇权的复兴而回归“常态”。元明清时期,古代报纸受皇权政治震荡、重构并发展极化的影响,最终清代皇权集权达到顶峰,藉由高压政策实现了对古代报纸的绝对掌控,形成邸报与京报并行,二者有所汇流的二元发展格局。Ancient Chinese new spapers w ere not static and solidified,but under the influence of imperial politics underw ent a long-term dynamic evolutionary process.The competition for political information among imperial pow er,gentry pow er,and local authority constituted the evolution of ancient Chinese new spapers.Wooden briefs and new sletters produced in Han Dynasty represented the initial form of ancient new spapers.During Tang and Song dynasties,the ancient new spapers transformed,reconstructed,and“returned”from local authoritarian control back to imperial pow er.It show ed that the“abnormality”of the ancient new spapers w ould inevitably return to the“normality”due to the revival of imperial pow er.In Yuan,M ing,and Qing dynasties,ancient new spapers w ere affected by the turbulence,reconstruction,and development of imperial politics again.In the end,the imperial pow er of the Qing Dynasty realized absolute control of ancient new spapers through its draconian policy.It led to the dual development pattern of the Dichao and the Peking G azette.

关 键 词：皇权 绅权 政治信息博弈 邸报 小报 

分 类 号：K23[历史地理—历史学] G219.29[历史地理—中国史]