基础研究投入与企业生产率差异:创新与选择效应  

Basic Research Input and Enterprise Productivity Differences:Innovation and Choice Effects

作　　者：苏美丽 刘凤芹[1] SU Mei-li;LIU Feng-qin(School of Economics,Dongbei University of Finance and Economics,Dalian,Liaoning,116025,China)

机构地区：[1]东北财经大学经济学院,辽宁大连116025

出　　处：《经济管理》2022年第10期5-21,共17页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“特许经营合约中的准租金挤占和治理研究”(71272053)。

摘　　要：基础研究具有前瞻性和战略性,是实现突破性技术进步的来源和重要驱动力。本文从新新经济地理学的视角揭示了基础研究投入通过创新效应、选择效应影响地区内企业生产率的作用机理,并基于2007-2018年中国制造业企业微观数据,采用“无条件分布特征-参数对应”估计方法,定性和定量识别了上述两种效应。研究结果表明:基础研究投入是影响地区间企业生产率差异的重要因素,创新效应和选择效应共同提高了基础研究投入较高地区制造业企业生产率水平,且创新效应占主导地位,高效率企业从创新效应中获益更大。异质性分析显示,企业年龄层面上,年轻企业受基础研究投入选择效应影响更为显著,创新效应对成熟企业的作用大于年轻企业;行业层面上,基础研究对高技术行业的创新效应与选择效应都显著强于低技术行业;地区特征层面上,基础研究对企业生产率的创新效应与选择效应在生产性服务业集聚程度较高地区更明显。本研究有助于引导各地区优化不同类型研发投入布局结构,合理增加基础研究经费投入,推动重点企业和行业基础研究发展,为促进制造业企业技术进步,提高企业生产率水平提供新思路。Regional productivity is an important internal driving force for regional economic development.It is of great significance to promote high-quality economic development and improve regional competitiveness.Technological innovation has always been regarded as the main means to improve productivity,but the research found that although the R&D investment cost in various regions of China has increased year by year,the innovation efficiency is not high,and the productivity gap in various regions is expanding.Some Chinese scholars have explained this phenomenon and believe that insufficient investment in basic research is an important reason for hindering domestic R&D to achieve core technology breakthrough and promote productivity improvement.Basic research refers to the experimental or theoretical research carried out in order to obtain the basic principles of phenomena and observable facts.It can reveal the essence and movement law of objective things,make science obtain new development and produce new theories.It is the cognitive starting point of a series of scientific knowledge and technological progress,for example,modern computer technology and information security technology are based on pure mathematics.Basic research is forward-looking and strategic.It is the source and important driving force to achieve breakthrough technological progress.Reasonably increasing the investment of basic research funds and promoting the development of basic research in key enterprises and industries is of great significance to promote the technological progress of manufacturing enterprises and improve the level of regional productivity.From the perspective of new and new economic geography,this paper reveals the mechanism of basic research input affecting the productivity of enterprises in the region through innovation effect and selection effect,and qualitatively and quantitatively identifies the above two effects by using the"unconditional distribution characteristics parameter correspondence"estimation method based on the mic

关 键 词：基础研究投入 企业生产率 创新效应 选择效应 无条件分布特征—参数对应 

分 类 号：F124[经济管理—世界经济] F424.3