直流熔断器并联燃弧不均机理研究及优化设计  

Mechanism and Optimal Design of Uneven Arc Burning in Parallel of DC Fuses

作　　者：尹凡 沈兵[1] 庄劲武[1] 毛启东 岳丹阳 YIN Fan;SHEN Bing;ZHUANG Jinwu;MAO Qidong;YUE Danyang(College of Electrical Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学电气工程学院,武汉430033

出　　处：《高电压技术》2022年第10期3919-3926,共8页High Voltage Engineering

摘　　要：针对直流熔断器分断低过载电流时易出现并联熔体燃弧不均的问题,基于MATLAB自编程仿真和实验验证,对并联燃弧不均的原因进行探究并提出改进措施。通过电场、热场和电路的耦合求解,获得燃弧过程各并联狭颈的电流及温度,并解释了并联狭颈燃弧不均的原因。利用建立的数学模型计算并分析电流、狭颈尺寸差对并联燃弧不均现象的影响,得出不同加工误差下的临界均匀燃弧电流密度;提出采用并联均流桥的设计改善并联燃弧不均现象。改进设计额定2000 V/2000 A的熔断器并进行2500 A低过载电流开断实验,实验结果验证了该设计方案的可行性和有效性。Aiming at the problem of uneven arcing of parallel melt when the DC fuse breaks low overload current,we explore the causes of uneven arcing of parallel based on MATLAB self-programming simulation and experimental verification,and propose improvement measures.By solving the coupling of electric field,thermal field and circuit,the current and temperature of each parallel neck in the arcing process are obtained,and the reason for uneven arcing of the parallel neck is explained.Moreover,the established mathematical model is used to calculate and analyze the influences of current and narrow neck size difference on the unevenness of parallel arcing,and the critical uniform arcing current density under different machining errors is obtained.To solve this problem,the sharing bridge is proposed.The design of the DC fuse rated 2000 V/2000 A is improved and a 2500 A current breaking test is conducted.The experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the design scheme.

关 键 词：直流熔断器 低过载电流 换流模型 并联燃弧不均 工艺误差 

分 类 号：TM563[电气工程—电器] U674.7[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]