故宫博物院藏良渚风格玉器的材质研究  

A Test Analysis of The Material Texture of Liangzhu-Cultured Jades of The Palace Museum

作　　者：罗涵[1] 徐琳[2] 李合[1] 屈雅洁 康葆强[1] 张跃峰 Luo Han;Xu Lin;Li He;Qu Yajie;Kang Baoqiang;Zhang Yuefeng

机构地区：[1]故宫博物院文保科技部 [2]故宫博物院器物部 [3]中山大学地球科学与工程学院

出　　处：《故宫博物院院刊》2022年第10期127-138,143,共13页Palace Museum Journal

摘　　要：2019年,作者通过X射线荧光能谱、拉曼光谱、红外光谱及X射线衍射方法,对故宫博物院藏良渚风格玉器的材质进行了无损检测,测试结果表明:56件玉器中有54件为透闪石-阳起石玉,2件为蛇纹石玉。所有测试样品的Cr、Ni元素含量均小于0.01%,与大理岩型闪石、蛇纹石特征一致,排除超基性岩成因。其中大部分黄绿-青绿色、结构细腻的玉料具有典型的“华东玉料”特征,很可能来自东北地区,而琢刻御题诗玉器的玉料和沁色特征,则指向不同的埋藏环境,说明乾隆时期多地及不同时期的良渚文化风格玉器已经进入宫廷。The nondestructive test of the Palace Museum housed Liangzhu-cultured jade artifacts with X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction in 2019 indicates:A total of 56 pieces were tested,including 54 made of nephrite and 2 made of serpentine jade,all containing less than o.01%Cr and Ni exactly matching the nature of marble amphibole serpentine rather than that of the genetic type of ultrabasic rock.Most of the yellow-green,blue-green jade materials with delicate texture are featured by'Eastern China'in property,which are probably sourced from the areas of Northeast China.The color-infused jade materials used for the carvings of imperial poetry mark the natural conditions where they are earthed for storage or the way they are played with whereas.The above analysis suggests that the Liangzhu-cultured jade-carvings of periods and sources had already entered the Qing Court in Qianlong's(乾隆)reign.

关 键 词：良渚玉器 成分分析 拉曼光谱 红外光谱 X射线衍射 

分 类 号：K876.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]