《民法典》中的医务人员说明义务与患者知情同意权保护  

On medical staff’s obligation to inform and the protection of patients’right to informed consent in the Civil Code

作　　者：刘瑞爽 Liu Ruishuang(Peking University Health Science Center,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学医学部,北京100083

出　　处：《中国卫生法制》2022年第6期14-18,63,共6页China Health Law

摘　　要：依据《民法典》,在诊疗活动中医务人员应当履行说明义务,以保障患者的知情同意权。《民法典》确立了诊疗活动中医务人员的通用说明义务规则——在“特殊检查、特殊治疗、手术”三种情形下的特殊说明义务并取得明确同意规则、不能或不宜向患者说明时的说明规则;确立了紧急情况的说明规则;赋予了医务人员人体捐献、人体试验、基因医学与科研等情形下的说明义务。《民法典》人格权编、侵权责任编规定了医学活动中涉及患者隐私权及个人信息权益等精神性人格权的知情同意权保障规则。According to the Civil Code,medical personnel should fulfill the obligation of informing patients in diagnosis and treatment activities in order to protect the right to informed consent of patients.The Civil Code has established the general rules of medical personnel’s obligation to inform the patient in diagnosis and treatment activities,the rules of special obligation to inform and obtain explicit consent in the three cases of"special examination and special treatment,operation",and the rules of informing patients when they cannot or should not be informed.The Civil Code establish rules for the notification of emergency situations.Medical staff are given the obligation to inform under the circumstances of human body donation,human subject research,gene medicine.The Civil Code stipulate the protection rules of the right to informed consent in medical activities involving patients’spiritual personal right such as the right to privacy and the interest of personal information.

关 键 词：《民法典》 知情同意权 医疗服务合同 说明义务 明确同意 

分 类 号：D902[政治法律—法学理论]