强力霉素降解菌在蛋鸡粪堆肥中的应用及其抗性风险研究  

Application of Doxycyclin-degrading Bacteria in Layer Manure Composting and Its Risk of Resistance

作　　者：钱昱良 杨振边 马保华 邹永德 张娜 吴银宝[1,3] QIAN Yuliang;YANG Zhenbian;MA Baohua;ZOU Yongde;ZHANG Na;WU Yinbao(Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding,College of Animal Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642;Foshan Customs Comprehensive Technology Center,Foshan,Guangdong 528200;Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学动物科学学院,广东省农业动物基因组学与分子育种重点实验室,广东广州510642 [2]佛山海关综合技术中心,广东佛山528200 [3]岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室,广东广州510642

出　　处：《中国家禽》2022年第10期69-76,共8页China Poultry

基　　金：岭南现代农业实验室科研项目(NZ2021027);茂名实验室自主科研项目(2021ZZ003);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-40)。

摘　　要：为研究强力霉素降解菌假丝酵母和苍白杆菌在蛋鸡粪堆肥中的应用效果以及潜在抗生素抗性传播风险,试验以蛋鸡粪为原料、锯末为调理剂,采用动态箱式堆肥装置进行堆肥试验,试验分成4组:空白对照组堆肥中不添加强力霉素和强力霉素降解菌,强力霉素组、假丝酵母组和苍白杆菌组堆肥中分别添加85 mg/kg强力霉素、85 mg/kg强力霉素+0.5%假丝酵母和85 mg/kg强力霉素+0.5%苍白杆菌。试验期25 d。定期检测堆体中强力霉素和6-差向强力霉素浓度及四环素类抗性基因tetA、tetM、tetW和tetX的绝对丰度。结果显示:强力霉素降解菌的加入未显著影响堆体温度和pH;强力霉素降解菌使堆肥高温期强力霉素的降解率显著提升5.67%~10%(P<0.05),7 d时强力霉素组、假丝酵母组、苍白杆菌组强力霉素的降解率分别为24.00%、32.33%和31.00%;假丝酵母和苍白杆菌的加入使堆肥结束时6-差向强力霉素的浓度比强力霉素组分别显著降低13.17%和6.74%(P<0.05);堆肥结束时空白对照组、强力霉素组、假丝酵母组和苍白杆菌组tetA的去除率分别为14.34%、15.03%、12.82%和15.01%(P<0.01);tetM的去除率均为100%;tetW的去除率分别为45.62%、47.91%、50.76%和56.51%(P<0.01);tetX的去除率分别为12.17%、7.12%、4.08%和16.90%(P<0.05)。综上所述,本试验条件下添加外源性强力霉素降解菌能显著提高堆肥高温期强力霉素的降解率,显著增强堆肥过程中6-差向强力霉素的降解,且未增加tetA、tetM、tetW和tetX抗性基因的传播风险。In order to study the application effect and antibiotic resistance risk of doxycyclin-degrading bacteria Candida and Orchrobactrum in laying hens′manure composting,the composting experiment was carried out with layer manure as raw material,using sawdust as conditioner,in dynamic box composting device.The experiment was divided into 4 groups:The compost of blank control group was not supplemented with doxycycline and doxycycline-degradating bacteria,and the compost of doxycycline group,Candida group and Orchrobactrum group were supplemented with 85 mg/kg doxycycline,85 mg/kg doxycycline+0.5%Candida and 85 mg/kg doxycycline+0.5%Orchrobactrum,respectively.The experiment lasted for 25 days.The concentrations of doxycycline and 6-epidoxycycline,as well as the absolute abundance of tetA,tetM,tetW and tetX resistance genes were detected by adding doxycycline degrading bacteria into aerobic compost of laying hens′manure.The results showed that the addition of doxycyclin-degrading bacteria had no significant effect on the temperature and pH of the reactor.The doxycycline-degrading bacteria significantly enhanced the degradation of doxycycline during the high temperature period of composting(P<0.05).At 7 d,the degradation rates of doxycycline were 24.00%,32.33%and 31.00%,respectively.The degradation rate of 6-epidoxycycline by doxycycline degrading bacteria was significantly improved(P<0.05).Compared with doxycycline group,the addition of Candida and Orchrobactrum could significantly reduce the concentration of 6-epidoxycycline at the end of composting by 13.17%and6.74%(P<0.01),respectively.At the end of composting,the removal rates of tetA in blank control group,doxycycline group,Candida group and Orchrobactrum group were 14.34%,15.03%,12.82%and 15.01%,respectively(P<0.01);The removal rates of tetM were 100%;The removal rates of tetW were 45.62%,47.91%,50.76%and 56.51%,respectively(P<0.01);The removal rates of tetX were 12.17%,7.12%,4.08%and 16.90%(P<0.05).In conclusion,the addition of exogenous doxycycline degrading

关 键 词：蛋鸡粪 强力霉素 堆肥 降解菌 抗生素抗性基因 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]