复杂地形马铃薯收获及残膜回收一体机设计  

Design of integrated machine for potato harvestingand residual film collecting in complex terrain

作　　者：马永龙 杨术明[1] 李茂强 王乾 柯泽荣 MA Yonglong;YANG Shuming;LI Maoqiang;WANG Qian;KE Zerong(College of Mechanical Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750030,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学机械工程学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]北方民族大学机电工程学院,宁夏银川750030

出　　处：《河北大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期569-579,共11页Journal of Hebei University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划重大项目(2019BFF02003)。

摘　　要：针对宁夏南部山区复杂地形,设计了复杂地形马铃薯收获及残膜回收一体机,一次作业能够完成马铃薯挖掘和残膜回收.通过样机设计及部件选型,确定挖掘铲、S型土薯抖动升运链及气力式残膜回收机构等关键部件的结构及参数.运用ANSYS Fluent,以收膜机构叶轮的叶片数和叶轮旋转速度为设计参数,对收膜机构内部流场全压云图、速度云图和速度矢量图进行对比分析,确定叶轮的叶片数为16片、叶轮转速为1120 r/min时,收膜机构的残膜收集效果最佳.田间试验结果表明,该机型土薯分离效果显著,残膜能够连续地被收膜机构吸入并输送至集膜箱,明薯率为98.6%,伤薯率为2.92%,残膜拾挣率90.77%.试验指标均达到国家和行业标准要求.Aiming at the complex terrain of southern Ningxia,a potato harvesting and residual film collecting integrated machine is designed for complex terrain,which can complete potato digging and residual film recovery in one operation.The key components of the prototype were designed and selected to determine the structure and parameters of the digging blade,the S-shaped soil-potato dither conveyor device and the pneumatic residual film recovery mechanism.With ANSYS fluent,using two design parameters,the number of blades of the impeller and the rotation speed of the impeller,the comparison and analysis on the full pressure cloud diagram,velocity cloud diagram and velocity vector diagram of the internal flow field of the residual film collecting mechanism are carried out.When the number of blades of the impeller is 16 and the impeller rotation speed is 1120r/min,the residual film collecting mechanism has the best effect on collecting residual film.The field experiment results showed that the soil-potato separation effect of this structure is significant.The residual film can be continuously sucked by the residual film collecting mechanism and transported to the residual film collecting box.The potato exposure rate was 98.6%,the potato injury rate was 2.92%and the collecting rate of residual film was 90.77%.The experiment results meets the design requirements of technical specifications.

关 键 词：复杂地形 马铃薯收获 残膜 一体机 收膜机构 

分 类 号：S225.71[农业科学—农业机械化工程]