不同环境条件下滇型杂交粳稻保持系产量性状的变异分析  

Variation Analysis of Yield Traits of Dian-type keng Hybrid Rice Maintainers Lines under Different Environmental Conditions

作　　者：余金慧 雷娟 张月 肖翠英 万秀杰 郭梦逸 谭亚玲[1,2,3] 徐津 YU Jinhui;LEI Juan;ZHANG Yue;XIAO Cuiying;WAN Xiujie;GUO Mengyi;TAN Yaling;XU Jin(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Rice Research Institute,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Japonica Hybrid Rice,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学稻作研究所,云南昆明650201 [3]云南省杂交粳稻工程技术研究中心,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期918-925,共8页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：云南省重点科技项目(2014BB016,2014DH013)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同环境条件下滇型杂交粳稻保持系的性状变化规律,为指导广适性杂交粳稻新组合的选育提供依据。【方法】将多年选育的220份滇型杂交粳稻保持系分别种植于温、湿度差异较明显的温室和试验田,对有效穗数、每穗实粒数和千粒质量等10个与产量相关的性状进行考察,并对性状数据进行差异显著性、相关性和聚类等分析。【结果】不同环境条件下,滇型杂交粳稻保持系除穗长和一次枝梗数差异不显著外,其余性状差异均达显著以上水平;其中最明显的是高温、高湿条件下,植株的株高极显著增高,有效穗数极显著减少,材料间的性状变异幅度增大,离散程度更高。相关性分析表明:2种环境条件下,单株产量与有效穗数和每穗实粒数的相关性均最大,但有效穗数与其余8个性状的相关性均不显著。聚类分析将220份滇型杂交粳稻保持系材料聚为4类,分别占总材料数的14.5%、38.1%、27.3%和20.1%,第Ⅰ和Ⅱ类群品种单株产量较高,但其性状易受高温、高湿环境影响,株高显著变高,穗数显著减少,导致其单株产量显著减少;第Ⅲ和Ⅳ类群品种单株产量低,但不同环境条件下性状变异程度相对较小,表现出较好的适应性,其中第Ⅲ类群材料在不同环境下的性状最稳定。【结论】高温、高湿环境导致滇型杂交粳稻保持系材料株高增高,而植株的有效穗数、千粒质量和粒数显著减少,产量降低;穗长和一次枝梗数比较稳定,不易受环境温度的影响。杂交粳稻育种应重视有效穗数和穗粒数性状的选育。[Purposes]To study the traits variation of Dian-type keng hybrid rice maintainer lines under different environmental conditions,providing the basis for breeding the new keng hybrid combination with wide adaptability.[Method]A total of 220 Dian-type keng hybrid rice maintainer lines were planted in greenhouse and tested field,respectively,which with obvious differences of temperature and humidity.Ten yield traits including panicle number,filled grain number,and thousand-grain weight,etc.,were measured;the data were analyzed by methods of significance test of difference,correlation test and clustering analysis.[Results]Except panicle length and numbers of primary branch per panicle,the other eight traits showed significant difference between the two different planting conditions.Especially,under high temperature and humidity condition,all maintainer plants showed extremely significantly higher plant height and less panicles,the variation range of traits among materials was increased,and the degree of dispersion was higher.Correlation analysis showed that the yield per plant was highest correlated with panicles and the filled grains per panicle,both in two planting environmental condition,but there was no significant correlation between panicles and other eight traits.Based on clustering analysis,all 220 maintainer lines were divided into four groups,which accounted for 14.5%,38.1%,27.3%and 20.1%of the total materials,respectively.Maintainers in groupⅠandⅡhad well performs,but those maintainer lines were sensitive to high temperature condition,the rice plants performed significantly higher height,less panicle,and significantly lower yield in high temperature and humidity condition.Maintainers in groupⅢandⅣhad lower yield,however,the variation of traits was relatively small in different environments,and the traits of group III were the most stable.[Conclusion]Under higher temperature and humidity conditon,maintainer lines of Dian-type keng hybrid rice varied vigorously,which resulted in higher plant height,de

关 键 词：滇型杂交粳稻 保持系 高温、高湿环境 产量性状 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S511.220.91[农业科学—作物学]