手枪弹对人体胸部模拟靶标的侵彻机理研究  

Research on pistol bullet penetration into human chest simulated target

作　　者：张俊斌 黄雪鹰 李子轩 温垚珂[2] 闫文敏 张凯[2] ZHANG Junbin;HUANG Xueying;LI Zixuan;WEN Yaoke;YAN Wenmin;ZHANG Kai(The No.63856 th Unit of PLA,Baicheng 137001,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Science and Technology on Transient Impact Laboratory,Beijing 102202,China;No.208 Research Institute of China Ordnance Industries,Beijing 102202,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军63856部队,吉林白城137001 [2]南京理工大学机械工程学院,南京210094 [3]瞬态冲击技术重点实验室,北京102202 [4]中国兵器工业第208研究所,北京102202

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2022年第11期25-31,共7页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11872215);国防基础科研项目(JCKYS201909C001);军委科技委基础加强计划技术领域基金项目(2020-JCJQ-JJ-403,2019-JCJQ-JJ-373)。

摘　　要：在创伤弹道学研究中,用来模拟人体材料特性的弹道明胶靶标只考虑了肌肉组织,忽略了人体各种形状硬质骨骼对杀伤效应的影响。本文基于标准人体数据构建了一个包含人体胸廓结构的简化模型,进行9 mm钢芯手枪弹侵彻该模型的数值模拟,获得靶标内瞬时空腔、软组织及骨骼的应力等杀伤效应特征量。结果表明,30μs时弹丸侵彻胸骨,胸骨前表面中心出现最大约93.93 MPa的应力。150~240μs胸骨弹着点处的应力传导到中间3条肋骨前端上,应力大小为20~40 MPa。645~750μs阶段弹丸侵彻脊椎骨,脊椎骨上的应力从弹着点处向脊椎骨两端扩散,骨骼上的应力为40~90 MPa。2790μs时胸骨和脊椎骨上的应力显著下降,肋骨上产生20~65 MPa的应力。该研究结果可为枪伤救治和损伤评估提供参考。In the study of trauma ballistics,the ballistic gelatin target used to simulate the properties of human materials only considered muscle tissue as a soft tissue material,ignoring the effect of hard bones of various shapes on ballistic killing effects of the human body.Based on the standard human data,a simplified model of chest containing the structure of human chest profile was constructed,and then a numerical simulation of the 9 mm steel core pistol bullet invasion was carried out.The lethal effect characteristics such as the law of projectile invasion,the stress of soft tissue and bone were obtained.The simulation results show that the projectiles invade the sternum at 30μs,and the stress of up to 93.93 MPa appears in the center of the front surface of the sternum.Stress transmission at the point of the 150~240μs thoracic bone to the front of the middle three ribs is approximately 20~40 MPa.The 645~750μs stage projectiles invade the vertebrae,and the stress on the vertebrae spreads from the point of the bullet to both ends of the spine,with the stress on the bones ranging from about 40~90 MPa.Stress on the sternum and spine decreased significantly at 2790μs,and stresses of about 20~65 MPa in size appeared on the ribs.This study can provide a more scientific and reasonable data reference for the treatment of gunshot wounds and the evaluation of injuries.

关 键 词：手枪弹 创伤弹道学 人体胸部靶标 杀伤效应 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TJ012.3[兵器科学与技术—兵器发射理论与技术]