不同土地利用方式下典型黑土区土壤微生物群落演替规律  

Succession of Microbial Community in Typical Black Soil under Different Land Use Pattern

作　　者：胡芳 王芳[1,3] 韩晓增 许敏[1,3] 付玉豪 严君[2,3] 贾仲君 Tiedje James M. 蒋新[1,3] HU Fang;WANG Fang;HAN Xiaozeng;XU Min;FU Yuhao;YAN Jun;JIA Zhongjun;TIEDJE James M;JIANG Xin(CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150081,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Center for Microbial Ecology,Department of Plant,Soil and Microbial Sciences,Michigan State University,East Lansing,Michigan 48824,USA)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室(南京土壤研究所),南京210008 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,黑土区农业生态重点实验室,哈尔滨150081 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [4]密歇根州立大学,植物、土壤和微生物科学系微生物生态中心,美国密歇根州48824

出　　处：《土壤学报》2022年第5期1238-1247,共10页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程专项(XDA28030501);国家自然科学基金项目(41977137,41771327);中国科学院前沿科学重点项目(QYZDJ-SSW-DQC035);黑龙江省应用技术研究与开发计划项目(GA19B101)共同资助。

摘　　要：利用先进的分子生态学技术,针对中国科学院海伦农业生态试验站长期定位实验,研究了典型黑土区经过长期(32年)裸地、农田和草地三种土地利用后,土壤微生物区系的演替规律及其环境驱动机制。结果表明:与裸地相比,32年玉米-大豆-小麦轮作种植或自然草地恢复后,土壤有机质含量从52.07 g·kg^(–1)显著增加至54.83 g·kg^(–1)和61.54 g·kg^(–1),增幅分别为8.0%和27.5%,土壤氮磷钾养分有效性也显著增加。同时,每克干燥土壤中微生物丰度从2.25×10^(7)拷贝数增加至8.08×10^(7)拷贝数和1.69×10^(8)拷贝数,分别增加了2.58倍和6.51倍。裸地、农田和草地土壤的优势微生物菌门均为变形菌、酸杆菌和放线菌,其相对丰度均高于19%,且三者无显著差异(P>0.05)。然而,所有检测到的228个微生物属中,高达54个微生物属有显著差异(P<0.05),但绝大多数为相对丰度较低的微生物。分析表明土壤养分含量是微生物群落分异的主要环境驱动力,Granulicella微生物属可作为指示类群评估黑土环境的变化。上述研究结果表明,植被覆盖是土壤微生物群落演替的重要影响因素,未来应深入研究原位条件下黑土微生物的功能及其农业环境意义,为维系土壤养分元素循环和发展可持续农业生态管理模式提供理论参考。【Objective】To explore the succession of soil microbial community structure and its environmental driving mechanism under different land use pattern,soil samples were collected from plots in a long-term(32 years)field experiment station in the black soil region of Northeast China.【Method】The long-term field experiment was started on different land usage in the National Field Research Station of Agro-Ecosystem of Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1985.The experiment was designed with three treatments and three replicates,i.e.bareland(vegetation removed),cropland(crop rotation without fertilizer),and grassland(natural meadow vegetation).Soil samples were collected for analysis from the 0~20 cm soil layer in October 2017.Soil microbe was determined by the Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology on MiSeq platform.【Result】The soil organic matter was 52.07 g·kg^(–1),54.83 g·kg^(–1) and 61.54 g·kg^(–1) in the treatments of bareland,cropland and grassland,respectively.Compared to the bareland,the soil organic matter increased by 8.0%and 27.5%in the cropland and grassland,respectively.The available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium also increased significantly in cropland and grassland.At the same time,the total abundance of microbe increased from 2.25×10^(7) copies·g^(-1) dry soil to 8.08×10^(7) copies·g^(-1) dry soil and 1.69×10^(8) copies·g^(-1) dry soil in the three treatments,respectively.The abundance of microbe increased by 2.58 times and 6.51 times in cropland and grassland,respectively.At the phylum level,dominant microbe were Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria,and Acidobacteria,whose relative abundances were more than 19%and with no significant differences in the three treatments(P>0.05).The 54 of 228 microbial genera detected showed significant differences(P<0.05)among the three treatments,and most of them showed relatively low abundance.The genera of Gemmatimonas,Rhodoplanses,Arenimonas showed significant differences and higher abundance in the three treatments.The redundancy analysis

关 键 词：长期试验 黑土 土壤微生物 高通量测序 农田 草地 

分 类 号：S154.381[农业科学—土壤学]