毕节植烟区炭基有机肥施用适宜性区划研究  

Study on Suitability Zoning of Biochar-based Organic Fertilizer Application in Bijie Tobacco Growing Area

作　　者：张龙 张忠启 何轶[1] 彭华伟 王美艳 史学正[3] 孙维侠[3] ZHANG Long;ZHANG Zhongqi;HE Yi;PENG Huawei;WANG Meiyan;SHI Xuezheng;SUN Weixia(Bijie Branch of Guizhou Tobacco Company,Bijie,Guizhou 551700,China;School of Geography,Geomatics and Planning,Jiangsu Normal University,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司,贵州毕节551700 [2]江苏师范大学地理测绘与城乡规划学院,江苏徐州221116 [3]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京210008

出　　处：《土壤学报》2022年第5期1397-1407,共11页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司科技项目专项(2018520500240064)资助。

摘　　要：炭基有机肥在改善土壤环境方面的作用越来越受到重视,不同土壤条件下炭基有机肥的施用分区研究对于区域土壤管理具有现实意义。选择贵州省毕节植烟区为案例区,在对其土壤pH和酸碱缓冲潜力空间分异特征研究的基础上,对该地区以改良酸化土壤为目的的炭基有机肥施用适宜性等级进行了区域划分。结果表明,毕节烟区全部采样点的pH均值为6.5,其中大方县、七星关区和威宁县的pH均值较低,分别仅为6.2、6.3和6.3,而织金县、金沙县和黔西县的pH均值超过了7.0,表现出较强的空间变异性;土壤酸碱缓冲潜力在各县区之间也存在较大差异,大方和威宁两县区的缓冲综合指数均仅为0.96,而织金县的缓冲综合指数达到了1.23。各成土母岩和土壤类型的pH和酸碱缓冲潜力的综合分级表明:砂岩、砂页岩和玄武岩土壤属于最适宜施用炭基有机肥来提升土壤pH的区域,其次为砂页岩紫色土,页岩黄壤、黄棕壤、紫色土,以及碳酸盐岩黄棕壤和黄壤,而碳酸盐岩粗骨土和石灰土则属于当前不适宜施用区域。毕节烟区的全部乡镇中,威宁、织金和赫章等县区的82个乡镇属于炭基有机肥重点施用乡镇,大方县和七星关区为主的144个乡镇属于一般施用乡镇,而黔西和金沙等县区中的32个乡镇属于当前不宜施用炭基有机肥的乡镇。研究结果不仅为毕节烟区土壤的精准施肥和科学管理提供有益参考,也可丰富烟区土壤管理分区的研究成果。【Objective】The role of biochar-based organic fertilizers in improving soil fertility and health,in general,has gained a lot of attention in recent times.It is the premise of scientific fertilization to make clear which planting areas are suitable for applying biochar-based organic fertilizer and which areas are not.【Method】Based on 2059 soil samples in Bijie tobacco planting area of Guizhou Province,this study analyzed the distribution characteristics of soil pH and the spatial changes of soil properties,such as organic matter,available calcium,available magnesium,clay content and cation exchange capacity(CEC).Based on the overall consideration of soil pH and soil acid-base buffer potential,the suitability grade of biochar-based organic fertilizer application in the Bijie tobacco planting area was obtained.【Result】The results showed that the average pH value of all sampling points in Bijie tobacco growing area was 6.5,which was weakly acidic.The average pH values of Dafang County,Qixingguan District and Weining County were only 6.2,6.3 and 6.3,respectively,while those of Zhijin County,Jinsha County and Qianxi County were more than 7.0.The contents of organic matter,available calcium and magnesium,clay and CEC in tobacco planting soils in different counties were different,which led to the differences of soil acid-base buffer index between different counties.In all counties,the comprehensive index of acid buffer in Dafang and Weining was 0.96,while that in Zhijin was 1.23.Generally,there was a positive correlation between the pH value and the buffering potential of each parent rock soil type.The pH value of sandstone coarse bone soil and yellow soil was lower,and the value of the acid-base buffering potential index was also smaller.Also,the value of carbonate limestone soil with higher pH value was higher than that of other soil types.The suitability grade of biochar-based organic fertilizer calculated by pH value and acid-base buffer composite index showed that except for the purple soil of sand shale,

关 键 词：土壤PH 炭基有机肥 施肥分区 毕节烟区 

分 类 号：S159[农业科学—土壤学]