芦笋茎枯病拮抗内生细菌的筛选及鉴定  

Screening and Identification of Antagonistic Endophytic Bacteria against Asparagus Stem Blight

作　　者：苏卓文 卢彩鸽 蔡淑琳 张涛涛 董丹 赵娟 张殿朋 SU Zhuowen;LU Caige;CAI Shulin;ZHANG Taotao;DONG Dan;ZHAO Juan;ZHANG Dianpeng(Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院,北京100097

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2022年第10期106-113,共8页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20200110)。

摘　　要：为筛选对芦笋茎枯病具有良好生防效果的优良菌株,采用平板对峙法,从分离自北京密云区野生芦笋根部的52株内生细菌中筛选对芦笋茎枯病菌(Phomopsis asparagi)具有较强拮抗作用的生防内生细菌,并对筛选得到的菌株进行温室防效测定和生防相关性状测定。结果表明,有3株内生细菌对芦笋茎枯病菌具有较好的抑制效果,抑菌率为63.70%~85.00%,其中菌株YS-G10的拮抗活性最高,对芦笋茎枯病菌的抑菌率高达85.00%。温室防效测定结果表明,菌株YS-G10能够有效预防芦笋茎枯病的发生,防治效果达73.44%。生防相关性状测定结果表明,该菌株能够分泌蛋白酶和纤维素酶,推测菌株YSG10可能通过产生蛋白酶、纤维素酶等水解酶类物质破坏病原真菌细胞壁或抑制病原菌致病毒素的产生,从而达到抑制芦笋茎枯病的效果。经形态学、生理生化特性及16S rDNA和gyrB基因序列分析,该菌株被初步鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)。To obtain endophytic antagonists efficiently inhibiting asparagus stem blight(Phomopsis asparagi),52 strains of endophytic bacteria were isolated from the roots of wild asparagus collected in Miyun District of Beijing and were tested for their bio-control activity against Phomopsis asparagi using the dual culture method and greenhouse experiments.The results showed that three strains of endophytic bacteria with good inhibitory effects were obtained,and the inhibition rates were 63.70%—85.00%.Among them the strain YS-G10 displayed the highest antagonistic activity and the inhibition rate against Phomopsis asparagi was up to 85.00%.The strain YS-G10 could also effectively inhibit asparagus stem blight in the greenhouse experiment and the control effect was 73.44%.Biocontrol-related character assays showed that the strain was capable of producing protease and cellulase,suggesting that the strain YS-G10 may control asparagus stem blight by secreting hydrolysis enzymes such as protease and cellulase to destory the cell wall of pathogenic fungi or inhibit the production of pathogenic toxins.By using morphological,physiological,biochemical tests and phylogenetic tree analysis based on 16S rDNA and gyrB sequences,the strain YS-G10 was identified as Bacillus velezensis.

关 键 词：芦笋茎枯病菌 拮抗内生细菌 筛选 鉴定 贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 

分 类 号：S436.44[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]