预制刻槽增面燃烧发射药的原理与实验验证  

Principle and Control Method of Pre⁃grooved Gun Propellant with Progressive Combustion Feature

作　　者：张延康 肖忠良 刘详 张华君 李世影 林照强 ZHANG Yan-kang;XIAO Zhong-liang;LIU Xiang;ZHANG Hua-jun;LI Shi-ying;LIN Zhao-qiang(School of Environment and Safety Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan 030051,China;School of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China;Luzhou North Chemical Industries Co.Ltd,Luzhou 646003,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学环境与安全工程学院,山西太原030051 [2]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094 [3]泸州北方化学工业有限公司,四川泸州646003

出　　处：《含能材料》2022年第12期1219-1225,共7页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

摘　　要：为获得发射药能量释放渐增性及其多维度调节控制方法,根据内弹道学原理,提出预制刻槽增面燃烧发射药,建立了其燃烧过程的物理、数学模型,推导了气体生成猛度‑已燃质量分数(Г‑Ψ)关系,论述了其能量释放渐增性及多维度调节控制原理,提出了预制刻槽发射药的工艺实现方法。设计了一种中心开孔式预制刻槽发射药结构,制备了不同刻槽数、不同长径比的发射药试样。采用密闭爆发器试验对其燃烧性能进行测试与表征,并与七孔发射药、七孔包覆药进行对比分析。试验结果表明:制备的预制刻槽发射药具有理论设计的燃烧渐增性,对比七孔发射药其动态活度增量ΔL值提高了2倍,最大动态活度与起始动态活度的比值L_(m)/L_(0)提高了24.4%,最大动态活度对应的相对压力值B_(m)增加了32.4%,燃烧渐增性优于七孔发射药,可以达到七孔包覆药的渐增效果。In order to obtain the gun propellant with progressive combustion characteristics and corresponding control methods at multi‑dimensions,according to the principle of internal ballistics,the concept of the pre‑grooved gun propellant was proposed.The physical and mathematical models of the combustion process were established,and theГ‑Ψrelationship was deduced.The principle of progressive combustion and multi‑dimensional control methods were demonstrated.The method used for the prepa‑ration of the pre‑grooved gun propellant was described.The pre‑grooved gun propellant structured with a center opening was de‑signed,and propellants having different groove numbers and various length/outside diameter ratios were prepared.In order to compare with the seven‑hole propellants with and without coating,the combustion performance of the pre‑grooved gun propel‑lant was characterized by the closed bomb test.The experimental results show that the pre‑grooved gun propellant has the pro‑gressive combustion behavior as theoretically designed.Compared with the seven‑hole propellant,the combustion enhancement value(ΔL)value obtained by using this method is increased by 2 folds,the progressive combustion characteristic(L_(m)/L_(0))value is increased by 24.4%,and the relative pressure at the split point(B_(m))value is increased by 32.4%.The progressive combustion feature exhibited by pre‑grooved gun propellants outperforms that of the seven‑hole propellant,and was comparable to that of the coated seven‑hole propellant.

关 键 词：固体发射药 预制刻槽 药型设计 燃烧性能 燃面渐增性 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ562[化学工程—炸药化工]