发展阶段、政府行为与乡村治理演进  

Development Stage, Government Behavior and the Evolution of Rural Governance

作　　者：胡志平[1] HU Zhiping

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学政治学与公共管理学院

出　　处：《社会科学》2022年第10期158-168,共11页Journal of Social Sciences

摘　　要：新中国成立以来我国乡村治理主要经历了“政社合一”“乡政村治”“三治融合”三个阶段的演进。乡村治理演进不仅是国家—社会关系范式下国家对社会整合,治理主体、结构等治理范式变迁,更是经济发展阶段变迁的展现。乡村治理的三个模式对应经济赶超阶段、增长导向阶段和高质量发展阶段,在不同经济发展阶段,政府类型经历了全能型、发展型到服务型的转变;不同的乡村治理模式在政治经济社会维度上展现了不同的合法性、经济效率、社会稳定的治理绩效差异,城乡关系也从城乡割裂、城乡失衡向城乡融合演进。发展阶段是决定乡村治理变迁的关键因素,不同的经济发展阶段,政府行为偏向各异,塑造出不同的乡村治理体系,进而影响乡村治理绩效。乡村治理演进遵循的不是单一的政治逻辑而是政治经济逻辑,因而我们要深入挖掘“治理促发展”的内在机制,推动乡村治理现代化进程及治理效能的提升。Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, China’s rural governance has mainly experienced a three-stage evolution of “integration of politics and society”, “township and village governance”and “integration of three governances”. The evolution of rural governance under the paradigm of state-society relations is not only the result of the social integration, the change of governance paradigm such as governance subject and governance structure, but also the logic of change in the stage of economic development. The stages of of rural governance correspond to the those of economic catch-up, growth orientation and high-quality development,respectively and follow the evolution of industrialization logic, urbanization logic and rural revitalization logic;meanwhile, government behavior has transformed from omnipotent, developmental to service-orientated. Thus,in terms of political, economic and social dimensions, it shows different governance performance differences in legitimacy, economic efficiency and social stability, and the urban-rural relationship has evolved from urban-rural separation, urban-rural imbalance to urban-rural integration. The development stage is the key factor in determining the change of rural governance. In different stages of economic development, the government behavior is different,shaping different rural governance systems, which in turn affects the performance of rural governance. The evolution of rural governance is not a single political logic but a political and economic logic, so we must tap into the internal mechanism of “development through governance” and promote the modernization process of rural governance and governance efficiency.

关 键 词：发展阶段 政府行为 乡村治理 

分 类 号：F740[经济管理—国际贸易]