不同用量钝化剂对土壤及黄瓜Pb含量的影响  

Effect of Different dosages of Passivators on Pb Content in Soil and Cucumber

作　　者：陈清海 CHEN Qing-hai(Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Nanjing County,Zhangzhou,Fujian 363600,China)

机构地区：[1]南靖县农业农村局,福建漳州363600

出　　处：《东南园艺》2022年第4期266-270,共5页Southeast Horticulture

摘　　要：钝化剂可以降低土壤重金属活性,为了筛选高效、经济的钝化剂及南靖地区的常规钝化剂(牡蛎壳粉2号)适宜用量,特开展施用钝化剂减少农田土壤Pb污染的研究。该研究采用泥炭土、牡蛎壳粉1号、牡蛎壳粉2号、白云石粉等4种钝化剂,在种植黄瓜前随翻耕整地施入土壤,通过对比采收后土壤有效Pb和黄瓜总Pb含量,筛选治理效果较佳的钝化剂。同时,设置0、750、1500、2250、3000 kg·ha^(-1)等5个水平的牡蛎壳粉2号处理,探究其在南靖地区的适宜用量。结果表明,与不施钝化剂相比,钝化剂可显著降低土壤有效Pb含量达21.6%~53.1%,降低幅度对比为:泥炭土>牡蛎壳粉1号>牡蛎壳粉2号>白云石粉;除牡蛎壳粉1号外,其他钝化剂均可显著提高酸化土壤的pH值;泥炭土降低黄瓜总Pb含量效果最好。在牡蛎壳粉2号用量筛选的试验中,用量越高土壤Pb治理效果越好,有效Pb降低率达5.3%~30.1%。综合来看,4种钝化剂可在减少土壤Pb污染的同时调节土壤酸度,并能降低黄瓜总Pb含量,泥炭土治理效果最好;适宜南靖地区的牡蛎壳粉2号用量为750、1500 kg·ha^(-1)。以上研究成果,可为耕地土壤Pb污染治理提供技术支撑。Passivator could reduce the activity of heavy metals in soil.In order to screen efficient and economical passivators and the appropriate amount of conventional passivators(Oyster shell powder 2)in Nanjing County,the study on reducing heavy metal pollution in farmland soil using passivators was carried out.In this study,four passivators,peat soil,Oyster shell powder 1,Oyster shell powder 2 and dolomite powder,were applied to the soil at the same time of tillage before planting cucumber.The content of available Pb content of soil and total Pb content of cucumber after harvest were compared to screen the effective passivators for controlling Pb pollution in soil in Nanjing area.Five levels of Oyster shell powder 2(0,750,1500,2250 and 3000 kg·ha^(-1))were set to study its appropriate dosage.The results showed that passivator could reduce the available Pb content in soil by 21.6%~53.1%compared with the CK.The reduction range was:Peat soil>Oyster shell powder 1>Oyster shell powder 2>dolomite powder.Except for Oyster shell powder 1,other passivators could significantly increase the pH value of acidified soil;Peat soil had the best effect on reducing the total Pb content of cucumber.In the experiment of selecting the consumption of Oyster shell powder 2,the higher the amount,the smaller the Pb contend of soil,and the reduction rate of available Pb reached 5.3%~30.1%.In a word,four passivators could reduce Pb pollution in soil and adjust soil acidity,and reduce the total Pb content in cucumber,and the peat soil had the best effect;The suitable amount of Oyster shell powder 2 in Nanjing was 750 and 1500 kg·ha^(-1).The above research results can provide technical support for Pb pollution control of cultivated soil.

关 键 词：钝化剂 土壤 PB 黄瓜 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]