护理本科生安宁疗护课程的建设与教学实践  

Construction and teaching practice of Hospice Nursing course for nursing undergraduates

作　　者：卜小丽[1] 张宏晨 王艳红[1] 李惠菊[1] 杨濮瑞 BU Xiaoli;ZHANG Hongchen;WANG Yanhong;LI Huiju;YANG Purui

机构地区：[1]兰州大学护理学院,兰州市730030

出　　处：《中华护理教育》2022年第11期970-975,共6页Chinese Journal of Nursing Education

基　　金：甘肃省2020年度高等教育教学成果培育项目。

摘　　要：目的探讨护理本科生临终护理课程的建设方法和教学效果。方法经过调研和专家论证设置专业限选课程临终护理并进行完善,课程以引导学生树立正确的生死观、掌握临终护理知识、提升临终关怀态度和能力为教学目标;教学内容包括死亡教育、生存质量评价、常见症状管理、临终患者与家属的心理护理等;采用案例教学、情境模拟教学、辩论赛等教学方法,采用形成性评价进行考核。以选修该课程的2018级35名护理本科生作为研究对象,对其进行为期14周(27学时)的授课,通过课程成绩、访谈学生的教学满意度、调查学生死亡焦虑和临终关怀态度评价教学效果。结果35名学生的课程成绩为(87.43±0.84)分;18名受访学生对教学的内容、方法、考核、体验表示满意,提出增加学时、临床实践等建议;教学结束后,35名学生的死亡焦虑总分低于教学前(Z=3.248,P<0.001),临终关怀态度总分高于教学前(t=5.284,P<0.001)。结论学生顺利通过临终护理课程考核,对教学效果满意,死亡焦虑降低了,临终关怀态度改善了。Objective To explore the construction method and teaching effect of Hospice Nursing course for nursing undergraduates.Methods Based on surveys and expert consensus,the specialized and optional course of Hospice Nursing was set up and improved.The teaching objective of the course was to guide students to establish correct attitude to life and death,master the knowledge and skills of hospice nursing,and improve their attitudes and abilities in hospice care.The teaching contents included death education,quality of life evaluation,common symptom management,psychological care of dying patients and their families,etc.Diverse teaching methods were adopted,such as case teaching,scenario simulation teaching,debate and etc.Formative evaluation was used for assessment.A total of 35 nursing undergraduates of 2018 Class were selected as the participants,and the teaching effect was evaluated by the course scores,the interview of students'teaching satisfaction,and the surveys of students'attitude toward death anxiety and hospice care.Results The course scores of 35 students were 87.43±0.84.In interview,18 students were satisfied with the content,method,assessment and experience of teaching,and put forward suggestions to increase teaching hours and carry out clinical practice.After taking the course,the total score of death anxiety among students was lower(Z=3.248,P<0.001),and the total score of hospice attitude was higher(t=5.284,P<0.001)than before.Conclusion These students passed the Hospice Nursing course examination smoothly and were satisfied with the teaching effect.Besides,their death anxiety got reduced with improved attitude toward hospice care.

关 键 词：临终关怀医疗 教育 护理 学士 基于能力的教育 临终护理课程 

分 类 号：R47-4[医药卫生—护理学] G642[医药卫生—临床医学]