反硝化深床滤池深度处理市政污水及其微生物特性  

Deep Bed Denitrification Filter for Advanced Treatment of Municipal Wastewater and Its Microbial Characteristics

作　　者：高阳 周利[1] 李凌云 景香顺 李鑫玮 GAO Yang;ZHOU Li;LI Ling-yun;JING Xiang-shun;LI Xin-wei(School of Encironmental and Municipal Engineering,Qingdao Universiry of Technology,Qingdao 266000,China;Beijing Enterprises Water GroupInvestment Limited,Beijing 100102,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学环境与市政工程学院,山东青岛266000 [2]北控水务<中国>投资有限公司,北京100102

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2022年第19期54-60,共7页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0401103)。

摘　　要：将一种以圆弧形不锈钢筛网为主要结构的气水分布系统用于反硝化深床滤池,通过中试处理某市政污水处理厂高效沉淀池出水,并采用高通量测序技术考察反冲洗前后悬浮污泥以及滤料上生物膜、生化池污泥的物种多样性和微生物菌群结构。结果表明,反硝化深床滤池对沉淀池出水具有良好的深度处理效果,在进水TN浓度为7.25~15.27 mg/L条件下,可以保证出水TN<5.00mg/L,并且出水TP、SS和COD浓度可以稳定达到北京市《城镇污水处理厂水污染物排放标准》(DB11/890—2012)的A标准。生化池污泥的TN去除负荷仅为反硝化深床滤池污泥的31.48%,相比生化池污泥,反硝化深床滤池污泥中的微生物菌群物种差异性小、丰富度低,与反硝化过程相关的菌属相对丰度更高;滤池反冲洗对反硝化深床滤池污泥中的微生物菌群结构影响不大,但反冲洗过程会导致一段时间内部分相对丰度较低的好氧反硝化菌增多、脱氮效果变差。A gas-water distribution system with circular stainless steel screen as the main structure was used in deep bed denitrification filter(DBDF). The effluent from a high-efficiency sedimentation tank of a municipal wastewater treatment plant was treated in a pilot scale test, and the diversity and microbial community of the suspended sludge, biofilm on the filter packing media and sludge in the biochemical tank before and after backwashing were investigated by high-throughput sequencing technology. The DBDF showed good performance for advanced treatment of the effluent from the sedimentation tank. When the influent TN was between 7.25 mg/L and 15.27 mg/L, the effluent TN was always less than 5.00 mg/L,and the effluent TP, SS and COD could stably reach the A criteria specified in Discharge Standard of Water Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants(DB 11/890-2012). The TN load removed by the sludge in the biochemical tank was only 31.48% of that by the sludge in DBDF. Compared with the sludge in the biochemical tank, the microbial community of the sludge in DBDF had smaller species difference and lower richness, and the relative abundance of bacterial genera related to denitrification process was higher. Filter backwashing had little effect on the microbial community of sludge in DBDF.However, it would lead to the growth of some aerobic denitrifying bacteria with low relative abundance and poor nitrogen removal performance in a period of time.

关 键 词：反硝化深床滤池 市政污水 深度处理 微生物特性 高通量测序 

分 类 号：TU992[建筑科学—市政工程]