动植物蛋白对日本沼虾生长、肌肉组成、抗氧化、TOR信号通路及食欲调节相关基因表达的影响  

Effects of animal and plant proteins on growth,muscle composition,antioxidant abilities,mRNA expressions of genes related to TOR signaling pathway and appetite regulation in Macrobrachium nipponense

作　　者：郑金仙 周东生 魏山山 熊云凤 孔有琴[1] 张易祥[1] 赵建华 刘艳[1] 戚常乐 丁志丽[1] ZHENG Jinxian;ZHOU Dongsheng;WEI Shanshan;XIONG Yunfeng;KONG Youqin;ZHANG Yixiang;ZHAO Jianhua;LIU Yan;QI Changle;DING Zhili(Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding and Nutrition,College of Life Science,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院,浙江省水生生物资源养护与开发技术研究重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院水生动物繁育与营养重点实验室,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《水产学报》2022年第10期1801-1812,共12页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：湖州市自然科学资金(2019YZ04)。

摘　　要：为探讨动植物蛋白对日本沼虾生长、肌肉组成、抗氧化、TOR信号通路及食欲调节相关基因表达的影响,实验配制了3组等氮等能饲料,分别为鱼粉组(FM)、混合植物蛋白组(豆粕,菜粕,玉米蛋白粉)(PPB)和混合植物蛋白添加氨基酸组(PPB/Aa),投喂饲养日本沼虾8周。结果发现,PPB和PPB/Aa组日本沼虾增重率和摄食率显著低于FM组,而饲料系数显著高于FM组,各组之间成活率和肌肉必需氨基酸组成无显著差异;FM组肝胰腺丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著低于PPB组和PPB/Aa组,各组谷草转氨酶(AST)和谷丙转氨酶(ALT)无显著差异,PPB与PPB/Aa组血清碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)和ALT的活性均显著高于FM组;与FM组相比,PPB与PPB/Aa组显著降低了雷帕霉素靶蛋白(TOR)、核糖体蛋白S6激酶(S6K)及神经肽(NPY)基因的表达,但各组瘦素(leptin)基因的表达无显著差异。研究表明,鱼粉与混合植物蛋白对日本沼虾肌肉中氨基酸组成无显著影响,但混合植物蛋白源降低了虾的生长和抗氧化能力及TOR信号通路与NPY基因表达,且添加氨基酸不能缓解混合植物蛋白所引起的生长抑制、氧化应激及蛋白质合成和食欲相关基因表达的降低。This study aimed to evaluate the effects of animal and plant proteins on growth,muscle composition,antioxidant abilities,and mRNA expressions of genes related to TOR signaling pathway and appetite regulation in juvenile oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense.Three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated in this experiment.A basal diet containing 58%fishmeal was used as the control(named as FM),whereas 100%of fishmeal was replaced with a plant protein blend(soyabean meal,corn gluten meal and rapeseed meal,named as PPB)as the second diet,and lysine,threonine and methionine were added to the PPB diet to balance the amino acid content(named as PPB/Aa)as the third diet.Juvenile oriental river prawn M.nipponense with an average weight of 0.123±0.03 g was randomly divided into three groups,and each diet was fed to prawns twice daily to apparent satiation in six replicates.The experiment lasted for 8 weeks.The growth,muscle composition,antioxidant abilities,mRNA expressions related to TOR signaling pathway and appetite regulation were evaluated.The results showed that no significant difference in survival rate(SR)among three groups.The specific growth rate(SGR),weight gain(WG)and feeding rate(FR)in prawns fed PPB and PPB/Aa were significantly lower than those fed FM(P<0.05),and the feed conversion ratio(FCR)in PPB and PPB/Aa groups was significantly higher than FM group(P<0.05).The glycine content in the muscle of prawns fed FM was significantly lower than that of prawns fed PPB(P<0.05),but there were no significant differences of the other amino acids content(including lysine,threonine and methionine)among the three groups(P>0.05).The hepatopancreas content of malondialdehyde(MDA)and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in FM were significantly lower than those in PPB and PPB/Aa(P<0.05),while there were no significant differences of activities of aspartate aminotransferase(AST)and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)among the three groups(P>0.05).The serum activities of

关 键 词：日本沼虾 鱼粉 混合植物蛋白源 肌肉氨基酸 TOR信号通路 食欲 

分 类 号：S963.32[农业科学—水产养殖]