静电自组装制备三维石墨烯包覆红磷用于锂离子电池负极材料  

Electrostatic Self-Assembly Preparation of Three-Dimensional Graphene Coated Red Phosphorus for Lithium-Ion Battery Anode

作　　者：郭淼 朱晓宇 李茂东 朱俊陆 黄国家 李运勇 Guo Miao;Zhu Xiaoyu;Li Maodong;Zhu Junlu;Huang Guojia;Li Yunyong(China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment,Beijing 100062,China;Guangzhou Special Pressure Equipments Inspection and Research Institute,National Graphene Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Center(Guangdong),Guangzhou 510663,China;School of Materials and Energy,Guangdong University of Technology,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]中国合格评定国家认可中心,北京100062 [2]广州特种承压设备检测研究院国家石墨烯产品质量监督检测中心,广东广州510663 [3]广东工业大学材料与能源学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《稀有金属》2022年第8期1048-1054,共7页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：广东省质量技术监督局科技项目(2018PT05,2018CZ17)资助。

摘　　要：红磷具有低成本、比容量高等优点,但由于其本征电导率低,在脱嵌锂过程中体积变化大,导致其电化学性能稳定性差,严重制约了其商业应用。通过静电自组装的方法,将红磷包覆在高导电性的石墨烯中,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)等测试手段对其形貌、组分进行了分析,将其作为锂离子电池负极材料,并进行了相关的电化学测试。结果表明,相比于红磷粉末电极材料,石墨烯包覆红磷电极材料,具有更好的电化学稳定性,在循环100圈后,仍能保持933 mAh·g^(-1)的比容量,远高于红磷粉末电极材料。这可以归结于高导电性的石墨烯可以提供有效的电子/离子传输,同时石墨烯包覆有助于抑制红磷颗粒的体积膨胀,保证了结构的稳定性。Red phosphorus has the advantages of low cost and high specific capacity,but due to its low intrinsic conductivity and large volume change in the process of deintercalation of lithium,and its poor electrochemical performance stability,which has seriously restricted its commercial application.The composite of red phosphorus and conductive carbon materials,such as carbon nanotubes,has been a feasible and important research direction.The carbon material with high conductivity can effectively improve the conductivity of the composite material and the cycle performance of the battery.Meanwhile,the carbon material can effectively buffer the volume expansion of the electrode material in the process of charge and discharge,improve the structural stability of the electrode material and prolong the cycle life of the battery.However,the existing methods to improve the stability of phosphor-carbon composites are complex,and the step-by-step operation increases the complexity of the experiment and the uncertainty of the red phosphorus content in the composites.In this study,a positively charged polymer was modified on the surface of red phosphorus.By taking advantage of the electronegative property of the functional groups on graphene oxide(GO),red phosphorus particles were coated in graphene sheets with extremely high elastic modulus through electrostatic adsorption,so as to improve the electrical conductivity of the composite material and inhibit the volume expansion of red phosphorus,thus improving the electrochemical performance.500 mg raw red P powder was ultrasonically dispersed in 500 ml 1%poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride)solution.After magnetic stirring for 6 h,the powder was pumped and washed with deionized water.After freeze drying,the powder was ultrasonically dispersed into 40 ml deionized water.The three-dimensional graphene-coated red phosphorus(P@rGO)composite was prepared by electrostatic self-assembly method after being added into 100 ml 2 mg·ml-1GO aqueous solution drop by drop under stirring condition

关 键 词：静电自组装 红磷 石墨烯 锂离子电池 电化学储能 

分 类 号：TF803.21[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]