NiTi基体中增强相的变形行为研究进展  

Research Progress on Deformation Behavior of Metal Nanowires in NiTi Matrix

作　　者：唐王 姚旭东 史晓斌 Tang Wang;Yao Xudong;Shi Xiaobin(School of Material Science and Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma'anshan 243032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学材料科学与工程学院,安徽马鞍山243032

出　　处：《稀有金属》2022年第8期1063-1072,共10页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51601001);安徽省自然科学基金项目(2108085ME144)资助。

摘　　要：现代社会的发展对材料的性能提出新的要求,传统的单质金属或合金已不能满足需求。复合材料因其质量轻、强度高、耐腐蚀等优点具有广泛应用前景,因而对新型复合材料的开发非常重要。在近些年的研究中,学者们发现通过NiTi合金与金属纳米线复合,复合材料中的金属纳米线可以表现出超大弹性变形现象,可以达到或超过独立纳米线的弹性应变极限,这种现象主要源于NiTi形状记忆合金中应力诱发马氏体相变与纳米线弹性变形的应变匹配效应(lattice strain matching effect)。金属纳米线在NiTi基体中表现出的超大弹性变形现象对研究如何在复合材料中保留纳米线的超高强度具有重要意义。目前研究的NiTi/纳米线复合材料主要有NiTiNb,NiTiW,NiTiV等,纳米线主要为Nb纳米线和V纳米线,这些纳米线在NiTi基体的相互作用下表现出了独特的性能,本文主要介绍了NiTi基体中不同种类的纳米线的变形行为,并简述纳米线对NiTi基体马氏体相变的影响。The tendency of modern industrial manufacturing was miniaturization,lightweight and intelligent so that composite materials had a very wide application prospect.Composite materials had been widely studied since it was discovered because of its light weight,high strength and other excellent performance.Nanomaterials,the most promising reinforcement materials,were also used in the research and development of composite materials.However,the researchers found that the strength of the nanostructure composite materials were unsatisfactory,this was mainly due to the deformation mechanisms of common metal matrix was dislocation slip.In the process of deformation,the tremendous internal stress concentration at the interface led the nanowires plastic deform and fracture.As a result,the elastic deformation of the nanowires embedded in the matrix was lower than that of the independent nanowires.NiTi shape memory alloy was the most widely used shape memory material due to the advantages of high damping,super elasticity,good shape memory effect,etc.The unique shape memory effect and the martensitic transformation could be used to develop new intelligent composite materials.In recent years,scholars found that the inherent characteristics of NiTi alloy in composites could combine well with other materials and the nanowires embedded in NiTi shape memory alloy matrix could exhibit ultra-large elastic deformation,which provided a new idea for us to transfer the high strength of nanowires into composite materials.The metal nanowire with large elastic deformation by using the lattice strain matching effect between NiTi shape memory alloy and metal nanowire could be obtained.It was very important to enlarge its application scope and ensures the fast transfer of load.Although the better performance of composite material than common metal matrix with this method could be got,composite material was not the simple superposition between different materials.The interaction between them was the root of excellent performance,for a multi-const

关 键 词：NITI形状记忆合金 金属纳米线 超大弹性 马氏体相变 

分 类 号：TG146.2[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]