基于扭矩和扭压比偏差率的压裂泵故障诊断  

Fault Diagnosis of Fracturing Pump Based on Torque and Torque-Pressure Ratio Deviation Rate

作　　者：王波 王龙庭[2] 张金亚[3] Wang Bo;Wang Longting;Zhang Jinya(Shale Gas Division,Sichuan Honghua Electric Co.,Ltd.;College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China);College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Beijing))

机构地区：[1]四川宏华电气有限责任公司页岩气事业部 [2]中国石油大学(华东)机电工程学院 [3]中国石油大学(北京)机械与储运工程学院

出　　处：《石油机械》2022年第11期90-97,共8页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家发改委2013年第二批能源自主创新及重点产业振兴和技术改造(能源装备)项目“页岩气开发压裂系统研制”(2013-1286);中央高校基本科研业务费科研专项资助项目(19CX02025A)。

摘　　要：为了快速有效诊断电动压裂泵故障,针对其系统特征,提出直接提取变频器上电机扭矩和采集泵压传感器压力,进行基于电机扭矩和扭压比偏差率的电动压裂泵故障诊断方法。首先,求解电动压裂泵的扭压比,并自定义扭压比偏差率;其次,计算曲轴在0°~720°不同相位角下的电机扭矩和扭压比偏差率,并绘制曲线;最后,通过现场施工总结无故障和13种其他工况下的不同电机扭矩和扭压比偏差率曲线,并归纳总结其与故障的关联性。结果表明:电机扭矩曲线异常波动一般伴随电动压裂泵故障的产生,扭压比偏差率过大一般伴随动力端总成故障,扭压比偏差率过小一般伴随液力端总成故障;部分故障初期对应的电机扭矩无明显异常,扭压比偏差率能够更加明显识别故障特征。现场实例验证了电机扭矩和扭压比偏差率可以作为判断电动压裂泵是否正常运行的可靠标准之一。该诊断方法可为及时准确诊断压裂泵故障提供借鉴。In order to quickly and effectively diagnose the fault of electric fracturing pump,according to its system characteristics,a fault diagnosis method of electric fracturing pump based on motor torque and torque-pressure ratio deviation rate was proposed by directly extracting the motor torque on the converter and collecting the pressure of pump pressure sensor.Firstly,the torque-pressure ratio of electric fracturing pump was solved,and the deviation rate of torque-pressure ratio was defined.Secondly,the motor torque and torque-pressure ratio curves with crank shaft at 0°~720°phase angles were figured out.And finally,by means of field operation,the motor torque and torque-pressure ratio deviation rate curves under fault-free and 13 other working conditions were summed up,and the correlation between them and fault were summarized.The results show that the abnormal fluctuation of the motor torque curve generally occurs with the occurrence of the fault of electric fracturing pump,the large deviation rate of the torque-pressure ratio is generally accompanied by the fault of the power end assembly,and the small deviation rate of the torque-pressure ratio is generally accompanied by the fault of the hydraulic end assembly;at the beginning of some faults,the motor torque does not have significant anomaly,while the torque-pressure ratio deviation rate can more clearly identify the fault characteristics.Field examples show that the motor torque and torque-pressure ratio deviation rate can be used as one of the reliable standards to judge whether the electric fracturing pump is running normally.This diagnosis method provides a reference for timely and accurate diagnosis of eleltre fractllring pump faults.

关 键 词：电动压裂泵 电机扭矩 扭压比偏差率 动力端 液力端 故障诊断 页岩油气 

分 类 号：TE348[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]