关于《立法法》修改的几点意见——以科学立法为中心  

Comments on the Amendment of the Legislative Law-Centered on Scientific Legislation

作　　者：杨登峰 Yang Dengfeng

机构地区：[1]东南大学法学院

出　　处：《地方立法研究》2022年第6期36-52,共17页Local Legislation Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“新时代中国改革创新试验的法治问题研究”(18ZDA134);“中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金”资助的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《立法法》本次修改,在具体制度设计上应进一步体现科学立法原则,强化试验立法功能,使立法更加切合实际,更加具有系统性和协调性。为此,可适度完善授权立法,合理配置地方立法权限,增加地方人大及其常委会授权地方人民政府立法、全国人大授权新区和自贸区立法等授权立法形式,使立法试验更具广泛性和代表性;可进一步丰富法律适用规则,增强法律规则体系的协调性,增加“新上位法优于旧下位法”和“旧的特别规定优于新的一般规定”等适用规则,科学限定不溯及既往原则的适用范围,使法律适用更加符合法律发展的内在规律。The specific rules in the present amendment of the Legislative Law should further reflect the principle of scientific legislation and strengthen the function of experimental legislation,so that the legislation is more practical,more systematic and better coordinated.In this regard,China can improve delegated legislation,reasonably allocate local legislative powers,and increase the number of authorized legislative forms such as the local people s governments legislation authorized by the local people s congresses and their standing committees,and the New Area and Free Trade Zone legislation authorized by the National People s Congress,so as to make the legislative experiment more extensive and representative.It can also further enrich the rules of legal application,enhance the coordination of the legal system,add the rules of application such as“the new superior rule prevails over the old subordinate rule”and“the old special rule prevails over the new general rule”,and scientifically limit the scope of application of the principle of non-retroactivity,so that the application of law is more in line with the internal logic of legal development.

关 键 词：立法法修改 授权立法 地方立法权限 适用规则 暂行法和试行法 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]