川中丘陵区镶嵌式田坎土壤可蚀性变化特征及影响因素  

Soil Erodibility Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Embedded Terrace Ridge in the Hilly Area of Sichuan Basin

作　　者：郑江坤[1,2] 冉至立 韩雨婧 胡水蓝 刘思艺 曾衡 ZHENG Jiang-kun;RAN Zhi-li;HAN Yu-jing;HU Shui-lan;LIU Si-yi;ZENG Heng(College of forestry,Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River,National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;Key Research Base of Water Ecological Civilization Construction of Chengdu,Chengdu 611231,China;Soil and Water Conservation Service Center of Anju District in Suining City,Suining 629006,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学林学院,长江上游林业生态工程四川省重点实验室,长江上游森林资源保育与生态安全国家林业和草原局重点实验室,四川成都611130 [2]成都水生态文明建设研究重点基地,四川成都611231 [3]四川省遂宁市安居区水土保持服务中心,四川遂宁629006

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2022年第8期1845-1852,共8页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：成都水生态文明建设研究重点基地科研项目(SST2019-2020-07);省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202010626093);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2012M511938)。

摘　　要：田坎土壤可蚀性是影响梯田稳定的关键因素,为探讨不同修建年限田坎土壤可蚀性,以遂宁市安居区镶嵌式田坎为研究对象,结合野外采样和室内分析,研究了镶嵌式田坎修建1、3和5年的土壤可蚀性(K值)变化及影响因素。结果表明:(1)K值范围0.05~0.06 (t·hm~2·h)/(MJ·mm·hm~2),田的K值大于坎,随着镶嵌式田坎的修建年限的增加,坎K值呈减小趋势,建成5年时达显著性水平。(2)坎黏粒含量随修建年限递减,而粉粒与砂粒含量呈递增趋势;建成1年的坎土壤容重显著大于建成3年和5年;建成1年和3年时,田和坎的土壤团聚体破坏率(PAD)、不稳定团粒指数(E)、风干土团聚体分形维数(风干D)、水稳性团聚体分形维数(水稳D)、风干性团聚体平均质量直径(风干MWD)和风干性团聚体几何平均直径(风干GMD)有显著差异;建成5年时则无显著差异,说明建成5年时田和坎的土壤物理性质趋于一致。(3)镶嵌式田坎上的土壤有机质含量随修建年限呈增加趋势,建成5年时达显著性水平。(4)K值与PAD、E和水稳D呈极显著正相关,与风干GMD、水稳MWD呈极显著负相关。镶嵌式田坎K值与团聚体关系紧密,建成5年后K值显著减小。The stability of the terrace ridge is a key factor for terrace construction. Meanwhile soil erodibility has effect on the stability of the terrace ridge. To discuss soil erodibility of terrace ridge, embedded terrace ridges were taken as the research object in Anju district of Suining City, which were built in 2015, 2017 and 2019, respectively. Combined with field sampling and indoor analysis, the K of EPIC model was adopted to represent soil erodibility characteristics. The soil erodibility and influencing factors of terrace ridges were analyzed.The results showed that the K value ranged from 0.05 to 0.06(t·hm~2·h)/(MJ·mm·hm~2). With increase of construction years, the K value decreased, soil erodibility decreased significantly when embedded terrace ridges were constructed after 5 years. With increase of construction years, the contained clay particles decreased, meanwhile the content of silt and sand particles increased. There were significant differences in soil PAD, E, D, air-dried MWD and air-dried GMD between terrace field and terrace ridge at 1 year or 3 years after terrace ridge construction, but no significant differences at 5 years after terrace ridge construction. The soil bulk density at 1 year after terrace ridge construction was significantly higher than those of 3 years and 5 years, which indicated that the physical properties of embedded terrace ridges improved significantly after 3 years construction.With increase of construction years, soil organic matter increased and reached a significant level at 5 years after construction.K was significantly positively correlated with PAD, Eand water stable D, significantly negatively correlated with air-dried GMD and water stable MWD, and significantly negatively correlated with air-dried MWD and water stable GMD. At 5 years after terrace ridge construction, K was significantly reduced, which was strongly related to soil aggregates. Therefore, embedded terrace ridges can be popularized and applied in the area.

关 键 词：修建年限 镶嵌式田坎 土壤可蚀性 土壤团聚体 川中丘陵区 

分 类 号：S157.31[农业科学—土壤学]