拜登政府的能源政策及其影响  

The Biden administration’s energy policy and its impact

作　　者：徐金金 黄云游 XU Jinjin;HUANG Yunyou(School of Public Policy and Administration,Nanchang University)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学公共政策与管理学院

出　　处：《国际石油经济》2022年第9期21-32,共12页International Petroleum Economics

基　　金：江西省社科“十三五”规划项目“美国‘印太战略’及其对‘一带一路’倡议的影响”(19ZZ05)。

摘　　要：拜登总统构建了新的能源政策蓝图。对内,限制化石能源开采,加速推动清洁能源发展,促进国内基础设施建设清洁化、低碳化。对外,构建稳固的绿色盟友网络,积极参与并领导国际气候事务,促进国际能源可持续性转型。拜登政府能源政策呈现出五大显著特点:注重能源政策与应对气候危机相协同;充分考量就业与经济因素;将能源政策升级到国家安全层面;强调“能源正义”;将能源目标与贸易政策挂钩。拜登政府能源政策面临着党派分歧、利益集团阻碍与成本高昂的挑战。拜登政府能源政策的推进将对美国国内和国际社会产生双重影响。未来拜登政府将深入推动清洁能源发展,释放原油储备稳定石油价格,同时进一步发挥能源政策作为地缘政治工具的作用,提升美国国际能源话语权与规则制定权。但拜登政府能源政策能否持续推进并取得预期效果仍存在不确定性。President Biden has constructed a new blueprint for energy policy.Internally,the Biden administration restricts fossil fuel extraction,accelerates the development of clean energy,and strengthens the clean and low-carbon construction of domestic infrastructure.Externally,the Biden administration builds a solid network of green allies,actively participates in and leads international climate affairs,and promotes the transformation of international energy sustainability.The Biden administration’s energy policy presents such five distinctive features as focusing on synergy between energy policy and climate crisis,fully considering employment and economic factors,upgrading energy policy to the level of national security,emphasizing energy justice,and linking energy targets to trade policies.At the same time,his energy policy also faces such challenges as partisan divisions,obstruction of interest groups,and high costs.The advancement of the Biden Administration’s energy policy will have a dual impact at home and abroad.In the future,the Biden administration will further promote the development of clean energy,release crude oil reserves to stabilize oil prices,and further play the role of energy policy as a geopolitical tool to enhance the United States’international energy discourse power and rule-making power.However,there is still uncertainty about whether the Biden administration’s energy policy can continue to advance and achieve the expected results.

关 键 词：拜登政府 美国能源政策 绿色新政 清洁能源 化石能源 地缘政治 

分 类 号：F416.2[经济管理—产业经济]