2018年北京市流行性乙型脑炎流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics analysis of Japanese encephalitis in Beijing,2018

作　　者：周涛[1] 付茵[1] 赵丹[1] 李仁清[1] 王凤双[2] 刘方[3] 王海红[4] 崔德军[5] 赵春艳[6] 周冰[7] 彭兴慧 吴涛[9] 黄胜天[10] 卢莉[1] ZHOU Tao;FU Yin;ZHAO Dan;LI Ren-qing;WANG Feng-shuang;LIU Fang;WANG Hai-hong;CUI De-jun;ZHAO Chun-yan;ZHOU Bing;PENG Xing-hui;WU Tao;HUANG Sheng-tian;LU Li(Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心,100013 [2]北京市顺义区疾病预防控制中心 [3]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心 [4]北京市昌平区疾病预防控制中心 [5]北京市平谷区疾病预防控制中心 [6]北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心 [7]北京市门头沟区疾病预防控制中心 [8]北京市密云区疾病预防控制中心 [9]北京市房山区疾病预防控制中心 [10]北京市丰台区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2022年第5期283-286,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的分析北京市2018年流行性乙型脑炎病例的流行病学特征,为北京市乙脑防控提供证据支持。方法按照《北京市流行性乙型脑炎监测方案(2018版)》要求,对乙脑疑似病例开展流行病学调查和实验室检测,对实验室确诊病例及临床诊断病例进行描述性统计分析。结果北京市2018年报告乙脑病例33例,发病率为0.16/10万,报告死亡病例8例,病死率为24.24%;病例数较多的区集中在三带喙库蚊比例较高的朝阳区、顺义区和通州区,三区共占54.55%;职业分布以农民、工人和民工为主,共占45.45%;户籍分布以外省户籍为主(72.73%),其中黑龙江省病例比例较高(41.67%);60岁及以上人群病死率与60岁以下人群相比,差异无统计学意义(P=0.411)。结论在乙脑流行季要结合三带喙库蚊监测工作,科学预警预测乙脑病例的发生;需关注成人乙脑抗体水平,做好成人乙脑监测,并应考虑如何在重点人群中制定乙脑疫苗的免疫策略,提高重点人群的免疫屏障。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristic of Japanese encephalitis(JE)in Beijing,in 2018,and to provide evidences to the prevention and control of JE.Methods In accordance with the requirements of the Beijing Japanese Encephalitis Surveillance Program(2018 Edition),epidemiological investigations and laboratory tests were conducted on suspected cases of JE,and descriptive statistical analysis was performed on the laboratory-confirmed cases and clinically diagnosed cases.Results In 2018,a total of 33 JE cases were reported in Beijing,with an incidence rate of 0.16/100000 and 8 deaths were reported with a fatality rate of 24.24%.Of all cases,54.55%were concentrated in Chaoyang district,Shunyi district and Tongzhou district,where the proportion of Culex tritaeniorhynchus was higher,too;45.45%were farmers,workers and migrant workers;72.73%were non-Beijing household registration among which 41.67%of them were the Heilongjiang household registration;there was no significant difference in mortality between people aged 60 and over and those under 60 years old(P=0.411).Conclusions The time and area of the distribution of JE cases in Beijing are highly consistent with the seasonal fluctuation and regional distribution of Culex tritaeniorhynchus.Therefore,in the epidemic season of JE,it is necessary to combine the surveillance of Culex tritaeniorhynchus,and predict the epidemic situation of JE scientifically.The JE epidemic is characterized by sporadic,with cases important to pay attention to the level of JE antibody in adults,strength the work in the surveillance of disease,formulate the immunization strategies for key populations and improve their immune barrier.

关 键 词：流行性乙型脑炎 三带喙库蚊 乙脑监测 免疫策略 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]