2015-2021年河北省儿童流感流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics analysis of influenza among children in Hebei province,2015-2021

作　　者：李岩[1] 姜彩肖[1] 韩光跃[1] 刘艳芳[1] 刘兰芬[1] 刘平平 李琦[1] LI Yan;JIANG Cai-xiao;HAN Guang-yue;LIU Yan-fang;LIU Lan-fen;LIU Ping-ping;LI Qi(Hebei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shijiazhuang 050021,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省疾病预防控制中心,石家庄050021

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2022年第5期287-290,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的了解2015-2021年河北省儿童流感感染及流行特征。方法通过中国流感监测信息系统,收集2015-2021年河北省儿童流感样病例(ILI)监测数据并进行统计分析。结果除2020-2021年ILI病原学监测检出极少,其他5个年度检出的甲型H1N1、B型和甲型H3N2在不同年度或单独或共同流行,呈现此消彼长、交替出现的特征。不同年龄组间检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),学龄组最高(16.45%),婴儿组最低(5.65%),检出率随儿童年龄的增长而增高。2015-2020年5个年度检出率依次为16.16%、14.22%、18.04%、15.87%和13.03%,检出高峰分别分布在第8周(52.57%)、第10周(37.77%)、第3周(52.88%)、第4周(45.86%)和第51周(43.14%),流行季流感流行持续时间分别为25、31、28、33和17周。2019-2020年较前四个年份流行时间提前8~15周结束,流感流行持续时间减少8~16周,2019-2020年流行季以低水平的甲型H3N2检出率提前结束,2020-2021年未流行。结论河北省儿童中存在甲、乙型流感的冬春季流行,检出率随儿童年龄的增长而增高,不同年份优势亚型不同,B型、甲型H1N1亚型、甲型H3N2亚型或单独或共同流行。Objective To understand the influenza infection and epidemic characteristics of children in Hebei province from 2015 to 2021.Methods Through the China influenza surveillance information system,the data of cases of influenza-like illness(ILI)among children in Hebei province from 2015 to 2021 was collected and analyzed.Results Except for no detection of ILI etiological surveillance in 2020-2021,Influenza A(H1 N1)pdm09 virus,influenza B virus,seasonal H3 N2 were detected individually or together in different years,showing the characteristics of alternating growth and decline.The detection rate had a statistical significance in different age groups(P<0.05),with the highest detection rate(16.45%)in school age group,and the lowest(5.65%)in infant group.The detection rate was increased with the age of children.From 2015 to 2020,the positive rate of influenza virus was 16.16%,14.22%,18.04%,15.87%and 13.03%respectively;the detection peaks appeared in the 8 th week(52.57%),the 10 th week(37.77%),the 3 rd week(52.88%),the 4 th week(45.86%)and the 51 st week(43.14%),respectively;the influenza epidemic lasted for 25,31,28,33 and 17 weeks,respectively;compared with the previous four years,the influenza epidemic season of 2019-2020 was 8 to 15 weeks earlier and the duration was 8 to 16 weeks shorter;the epidemic season of 2019-2020 ended early due to a low positive detection rate of seasonal H3 N2.There was no influenza epidemic in 2020-2021.Conclusions Influenza virus A and B are prevalent in children in Hebei province in winter and spring.The detection rate increases with the age of children.The dominant subtypes are different in different years.Influenza A(H1 N1)pdm09 virus,influenza B virus,seasonal H3 N2 subtypes are prevalent alone or together.

关 键 词：流感病毒 儿童 病原学 流行特征 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]