历史建筑砌体结构的砖墙平面外受力性能研究  

Out-of-plane behavior of brick wall of historical masonry structures

作　　者：张永群 蒋利学[1] 王卓琳 ZHANG Yongqun;JIANG Lixue;WANG Zhuolin(Shanghai Key Laboratory of Engineering Structure Safety,Shanghai Research Institute of Building Sciences Co.,Ltd,Shanghai 200032,China;Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,Harbin 150080,China;Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,China Earthquake Administration,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市建筑科学研究院有限公司上海市工程结构安全重点实验室,上海200032 [2]中国地震局工程力学研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150080 [3]中国地震局地震工程与工程振动重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《建筑结构学报》2022年第11期177-190,共14页Journal of Building Structures

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(19DZ1202400);上海市青年科技启明星计划(20QB1404700);中国地震局工程力学研究所基本科研业务费专项(2021D30)。

摘　　要：针对历史建筑砌体结构在地震作用下容易发生砖墙平面外破坏与倒塌的问题,设计并制作了4片足尺带正交横墙的砖墙,采用气囊加载施加均布荷载进行了砖墙平面外静力试验,研究历史建筑砖墙平面外破坏模式和受力性能。在此基础上,通过理论分析研究了竖向荷载、墙厚、墙宽、楼(屋)盖形式和砂浆强度等因素的影响,提出了砖墙平面外承载力计算方法。研究结果表明:峰值荷载后砖墙平面外位移急剧增大,但开裂后仍能保持较大的平面外位移而不倒塌;与无楼板砖墙相比,木楼板和混凝土楼板砖墙的初始刚度分别提高了69.9%和68.8%,平面外承载力分别提高了44.5%和54.0%;竖向荷载、墙宽和墙厚对砖墙平面外承载力影响显著,楼板形式有一定的影响,而砂浆强度的影响较小;砖墙平面外承载力的理论结果与试验结果吻合较好。Aiming at the characteristics of masonry structures of historical buildings that brick walls are prone to out-of-plane damage and collapse subjected to earthquakes,four full-scaled unreinforced brick walls with return walls were designed and fabricated.Static test was carried out under out-of-plane uniform load applied using the airbag loading system.The out-of-plane failure mode and mechanical properties of the brick wall of historical buildings were studied.On this basis,by theoretical analysis,influence factors including vertical load,wall thickness,wall width,floor form,and mortar strength were analyzed and the calculation method of the out-of-plane bearing capacity of the brick wall was proposed.The results show that the out-of-plane failure of the brick wall is brittle,that is,the out-of-plane displacement increases rapidly following the peak load.Meanwhile,the brick wall can still maintain a large out-of-plane displacement without collapse after cracking.Compared with the brick walls without floor slab,the initial stiffness of the wooden floor and the concrete floor brick wall has increased by 69.9%and 68.8%respectively,and the out-of-plane bearing capacity has increased by 44.5%and 54.0%,respectively.In addition,the vertical load,wall width,and wall thickness have significant effects on the out-of-plane bearing capacity of the brick wall,the floor form has a certain effect,while the influence of mortar strength can be basically ignored.The theoretical values of the out-of-plane bearing capacity of the brick wall are in good agreement with the experimental results.

关 键 词：历史建筑砌体结构 砖墙 平面外破坏 静力试验 理论分析 承载力 

分 类 号：TU362.02[建筑科学—结构工程] TU317.1