机器人应用对就业的影响调查--基于川渝地区的实证研究  

Investigation on the Impact of Robot Application on Employment:Based on the Empirical Study in Sichuan and Chongqing

作　　者：蓝定香[1] 杨雪莲 LAN Dingxiang;YANG Xuelian

机构地区：[1]四川省社会科学院,四川成都610072

出　　处：《成都行政学院学报》2022年第5期5-15,116,共12页Journal of Chengdu Administration Institute

基　　金：四川省社会科学院重大集体攻关项目“四川特色优势产业发展重大问题研究”(22null7829)的阶段性成果之一

摘　　要：“机器换人”就宏观范围和长时期来看对就业总量的影响有限,但对就业结构的影响较明显。作为国家战略的成渝地区双城经济圈建设,如何处理四川及重庆劳动力资源丰富进而就业压力大与代表先进技术的机器人应用之关系,是备受关注的问题。基于川渝地区2010-2020年的面板数据,研究机器人应用对就业的影响,结果显示:川渝地区机器人应用对该区域就业总量影响不明显,但就业结构明显呈现高级化特征,即机器人应用促进劳动力在第二产业、第三产业就业的同时,挤出第一产业劳动力。因此,川渝地区应加强数字经济和实体经济深度融合,进一步推动科技创新及三次产业的机器人应用,完善再就业引导机制与社会保障制度,加强对人力资本培育与积累,才能更好地应对机器人应用对该区域就业结构的影响。The impact of “machine substitution”on total employment is limited in terms of macro scope and long-term perspective,but its impact on employment structure is relatively obvious.In the construction of the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle,how to deal with the relationship between the abundant labor resources with high employment pressure in Sichuan and Chongqing and the robot application representing advanced technologies is a matter of great concern.Based on the panel data of Sichuan-Chongqing area from 2010 to 2020,the impact of robot application on employment is studied,and the results show that the impact of robot application on the total employment in Sichuan-Chongqing area is not obvious,but the employment structure is obviously optimized,that is,robot application promotes labor employment in the secondary and tertiary industry,and squeezes out the primary industry labor force.Therefore,the Sichuan-Chongqing area should strengthen the deep integration of the digital economy and the real economy,further promote scientific and technological innovation and the application of robots in the tertiary industry,improve the reemployment guidance mechanism and social security system,and strengthen the cultivation and accumulation of human capital,so as to better cope with the impact of robot application on the employment structure of the area.

关 键 词：川渝地区 机器人应用 就业高级化 就业结构 

分 类 号：C93[经济管理—管理学]