High-capacity,high-rate,and dendrite-free lithium metal anodes based on a 3D mixed electronic-ionic conductive and lithiophilic scaffold  

基于三维电子离子共导亲锂骨架的高容量、高倍率和无枝晶锂金属负极

作　　者：Tao Zhang Zhiyuan Sang Lichang Yin Yonghuan Han Wenping Si Yuxin Yin Feng Hou 张涛;桑志远;尹利长;韩永欢;司文平;阴育新;侯峰(Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300354,China;Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;Tianjin Lishen Battery Joint Stock Ltd Co,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology of Ministry of Education,School of Materials Science and Engineering,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300354,China [2]Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science,Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China [3]Tianjin Lishen Battery Joint Stock Ltd Co,Tianjin 300384,China

出　　处：《Science China Materials》2022年第11期2989-2996,共8页中国科学（材料科学（英文版）

基　　金：financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51072130,51502045 and 21905202)。

摘　　要：Lithium metal anode possesses a high theoretical capacity and the lowest redox potential,while the severe growth of Li dendrite prevents its practical application.Herein,we prepared a structure of Li_(3)P nanosheets and Ni nanoparticles decorated on Ni foam(NF)as a three-dimensional(3 D)scaffold for dendrite-free Li metal anodes(Li-Li_(3)P/Ni@Ni foam anodes,shortened as L-LPNNF)using a facile melting method.The LiP nanosheets exhibit excellent Li-ion conductivity as well as superior lithiophilicity,and the 3 D nickel scaffold provides sufficient electron conductivity and ensures structure stability.Therefore,symmetric cells assembled by L-LPNNF possess lowered voltage hysteresis and improved long cycle stability(a voltage hysteresis of 104.2 mV after 500 cycles at a high current density of 20 mA cm^(-2) with a high capacity of 10 mA h cm^(-2)),compared with the cells assembled with Li foil or Li-NF anodes.Furthermore,the full cells with paired L-LPNNF anodes and commercial LiFePOcathodes suggest a specific capacity of 124.6 mA h gand capacity retention of 90.8%after 180 cycles with the Coulombic efficiency(CE)of~100%at a current rate of 1 C.This work provides a potentially scalable option for preparing a mixed electronic-ionic conductive and lithiophilic scaffold for dendrite-free Li anodes at high current densities.锂金属负极因具有较高的理论容量和最低的氧化还原电位有望成为下一代电池负极材料,而严重的锂枝晶生长阻碍了其实际应用.本文中,我们制备了LiP纳米片和Ni纳米颗粒修饰的泡沫镍结构作为无枝晶锂金属负极的三维骨架.其中Li_(3)P纳米片表现出优异的锂离子电导率和优异的亲锂性,三维镍骨架可提供足够的电子电导率并确保结构稳定性.由该负极组装的对称电池具有低电压滞后和长循环稳定性(在20 mA cm和10 mA h cm^(-2)下电镀/剥离循环500次后的电压滞后为104.2 mV).同时,由该负极和商用LiFePO正极配对的全电池具有较好的循环稳定性(180次循环后的比容量为124.6 mA h g^(-1),对应容量保持率为90.8%).这种方法制备的三维电子离子共导亲锂骨架为高电流密度下无枝晶锂负极提供了一种潜在的可扩展选择.

关 键 词：lithium metal anodes dendrite-free mixed ionic/electronic conductivity 3D lithiophilic scaffold 

分 类 号：TM912[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] O646[理学—物理化学]