放射性污染修复技术的伦理挑战与应对  

Ethical challenges and countermeasures to repair technique of radioactive contamination

作　　者：艾立梅 徐飞[1] AI Limei;XU Fei(Department of Philosophy of Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;School of National Defense Science and Technology,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学科技哲学系,合肥230026 [2]西南科技大学国防科技学院,绵阳621010

出　　处：《科技导报》2022年第19期117-128,共12页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(YD21110002004);国家自然科学基金面上项目(21677118)。

摘　　要：核能利用所引发的放射性污染问题正逐渐凸显,放射性污染的修复与治理是保护人类免受放射性污染源可能造成潜在危害的重要方法。修复的成功取决于新技术的不断参与以及融科学、知识生产和管理于一体的新治理方式的创新,同时需要引入污染修复技术的伦理考量。以辐射防护的伦理基础为指引,从意图、过程、结果3个方面分析了放射性污染修复技术的伦理问题,倡导技术和社会的协同治理、拓宽补充专家知识体系、以科学技术综合发展的能力建设为导向,应当成为放射性污染修复技术向可能、可行、可持续的负责任研究与创新(RRI)实践过渡的有效路径,也是未来和平利用核能、实现可持续发展的必由之路。With the increasingly prominent problem of radioactive pollution caused by nuclear energy utilization,repair and treatment of radioactive pollution becomes an important method to protect human beings from potential harm caused by radioactive pollution sources.The success of remediation depends on continuous participation of new technologies and innovation of new governance methods integrating science,knowledge production and management.On the orther hand,ethical considerations of pollution remediation technologies need to be introduced.Guided by the ethical basis of radiation protection,this paper analyzes the ethical issues of radioactive pollution remediation technology in terms of intention,process and result,so as to advocate the collaborative governance of technology and society and broaden the supplementary expert knowledge system.Guided by the capacity building of comprehensive development of science and technology,this paper presents an effective path for the transition of radioactive pollution remediation technology to the practice of possible,feasible and sustainable responsible research and innovation(RRI),which is also the only way for peaceful use of nuclear energy and sustainable development in the future.

关 键 词：放射性污染 环境修复技术 伦理挑战 

分 类 号：X771[环境科学与工程—环境工程]